Mottaghi Mahmoodreza, Atarodi Alireza, Rohani Zahra
Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
Faculty Member, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine AND Social and Health Development Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2013 Fall;7(2):68-76.
This study was performed to survey the relationship between coaches' and athletes' competitive anxiety, and their performance.
This is a descriptive correlational study performed using a demographic questionnaire, an athletic performance checklist, and sport competition anxiety test designed by Martens consisting of 15 questions. The study population consisted of 540 players and 60 coaches from 60 futsal teams (5 main players, 4 reserves, and 1 coach for each team). All of the players and the coaches were surveyed in a census method and no sampling was done. The data were analyzed by SPSS software, using chi-square, and Pearson correlation coefficient test.
The results showed a positive significant relationship between the coaches' anxiety level and sport competition anxiety level in the athletes (p = 0.019, r = 0.56). It also showed that there was a negative significant relationship between the coaches' anxiety level and performance level of the athletes (p = 0.012, r = -0.80). A negative significant relationship was also demonstrated between the athletes' competitive anxiety level, and their athletic experiences (p < 0.001, r = -0.45) and age (p = 0.001, r = -0.37).
Coaches and officials should consider sport competition anxiety among athletes before and during competitions. Formal and planned competitions, training sessions, and preparation practices can be a major factor assisting to decrease athletes' anxiety.
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本研究旨在调查教练与运动员的比赛焦虑及其表现之间的关系。
这是一项描述性相关性研究，使用人口统计学问卷、运动表现清单和由马滕斯设计的包含15个问题的运动竞赛焦虑测试进行。研究对象包括来自60支五人制足球队的540名球员和60名教练（每队5名主力球员、4名替补球员和1名教练）。所有球员和教练均采用普查方法进行调查，未进行抽样。数据通过SPSS软件进行分析，使用卡方检验和皮尔逊相关系数检验。
结果显示，教练的焦虑水平与运动员的运动竞赛焦虑水平之间存在显著正相关（p = 0.019，r = 0.56）。还表明，教练的焦虑水平与运动员的表现水平之间存在显著负相关（p = 0.012，r = -0.80）。运动员的比赛焦虑水平与他们的运动经历（p < 0.001，r = -0.45）和年龄（p = 0.001，r = -0.37）之间也存在显著负相关。
教练和官员应在比赛前和比赛期间考虑运动员的运动竞赛焦虑。正式且有计划的比赛、训练课程和准备练习可能是帮助降低运动员焦虑的主要因素。
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