Ahmad Khuram Shahzad, Bibi Jaffri Shaan
Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, 46000 Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
IET Nanobiotechnol. 2019 Apr;13(2):150-159. doi: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5006.
This investigation has for the first time utilised environmental resource seed extract phytochemicals for the green synthesis of carpogenic ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). Spherical morphology and size range of 56.57-107.70 nm at variable calcination temperatures without the use of any external reducing agent was obtained. The synthesised NPs exhibited hexagonal wurtzite geometry with an average crystal size 5.62 nm and a band gap of 3.4 eV. Carpogenic NPs were investigated for optical, compositional, morphological, and phytochemical make up via ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Carpogenic NPs degraded methyl red up to 83% with pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics ( = 0.88) in 18 min signifying their remediation role in environment in conformity with all principles of green chemistry. Photocatalytic assays were performed in direct solar irradiance. Nine pathogens of biomedical and agricultural significance having multi-drug resistance were inhibited in vitro via the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay. The enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial inhibition not only makes carpogenic ZnO NPs a future photo-degradative candidate for environmental remediation but also a nanofertiliser, nanofungicide, and nanobactericide synthesised via bioinspired, biomimetic, green, and unprecedented route.
本研究首次利用环境资源种子提取物中的植物化学物质来绿色合成具有生鲤活性的氧化锌纳米颗粒（NPs）。在不使用任何外部还原剂的情况下，通过可变煅烧温度获得了球形形态，粒径范围为56.57 - 107.70 nm。合成的纳米颗粒呈现六方纤锌矿几何结构，平均晶体尺寸为5.62 nm，带隙为3.4 eV。通过紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）、傅里叶变换红外分析、X射线粉末衍射、扫描电子显微镜以及气相色谱和质谱对具有生鲤活性的纳米颗粒进行了光学、成分、形态和植物化学组成方面的研究。具有生鲤活性的纳米颗粒在18分钟内以准一级降解动力学（ = 0.88）将甲基红降解高达83%，这表明它们在环境修复中的作用符合绿色化学的所有原则。光催化试验在直接太阳辐射下进行。通过Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法在体外抑制了9种具有生物医学和农业意义且具有多重耐药性的病原体。增强的光催化和抗菌抑制作用不仅使具有生鲤活性的氧化锌纳米颗粒成为未来环境修复的光降解候选物，而且是通过生物启发、仿生、绿色且前所未有的途径合成的纳米肥料、纳米杀菌剂和纳米杀细菌剂。
