Graduate School, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, CHINA.
College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, CHINA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Sep;51(9):1918-1927. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001988.
Behavior studies have found that exercise addiction is associated with high impulsivity. In other addictions, neural mechanisms of impulsivity reflect abnormalities in the reward and inhibition systems. In this study, we determined whether abnormalities existed in the reward and inhibition systems of exercise addicts.
Three groups of male participants (15 exercise addicts, 18 regular exercisers, and 16 exercise avoiders) completed the Mini International Personality Item Pool (Mini-IPIP), the classic go/no-go task, and the exercise-related go/no-go task. Event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded during the go/no-go tasks, and correctly performed trials were analyzed.
Exercise addicts scored lower for extraversion and higher for neuroticism, reflecting a poor capacity for emotional regulation and impulse control, and had larger N2 and P3d amplitudes during the exercise-related go/no-go task. Exercise addicts and exercise avoiders demonstrated impaired accuracy in the exercise-related go/no-go task and had larger N2 amplitudes compared with regular exercisers during the letter-digit go/no-go task. Exercise addicts and regular exercisers showed larger Go-N1 and Go-P2 amplitudes compared with exercise avoiders during the exercise-related go/no-go task. Exercisers (exercise addicts and regular exercisers) demonstrated higher activation in response to exercise-related stimuli as reflected by larger N1 and P2, and addicts (exercise addicts) demonstrated poorer inhibition as reflected by larger N2 and P3d amplitudes. Go-N1 and Go-P2 were significantly correlated with no-go accuracy in exercise-related task.
Exercise addicts scored higher for the neuroticism personality trait and exhibited overactivation of the reward system and underactivation of the inhibition system. Overactivation of the reward system may be related to long-term exposure to exercise. Underactivation of the inhibition system may be a crucial factor in exercise addiction.
行为研究发现，运动成瘾与高冲动性有关。在其他成瘾中，冲动性的神经机制反映了奖励和抑制系统的异常。在这项研究中，我们确定了运动成瘾者的奖励和抑制系统是否存在异常。
三组男性参与者（15 名运动成瘾者、18 名经常运动者和 16 名运动回避者）完成了迷你国际人格项目池（Mini-IPIP）、经典 Go/No-Go 任务和与运动相关的 Go/No-Go 任务。在 Go/No-Go 任务中记录事件相关电位（ERP），并对正确执行的试验进行分析。
运动成瘾者在外向性方面得分较低，在神经质方面得分较高，反映出情绪调节和冲动控制能力较差，在与运动相关的 Go/No-Go 任务中 N2 和 P3d 振幅较大。运动成瘾者和运动回避者在与运动相关的 Go/No-Go 任务中的准确性较差，在字母数字 Go/No-Go 任务中的 N2 振幅较大。运动成瘾者和经常运动者在与运动相关的 Go/No-Go 任务中 Go-N1 和 Go-P2 振幅较大。与运动相关的刺激反应中，运动者（运动成瘾者和经常运动者）表现出更高的激活，表现为更大的 N1 和 P2，而成瘾者（运动成瘾者）表现出更大的 N2 和 P3d 振幅，表明抑制作用较差。Go-N1 和 Go-P2 与运动相关任务中的无反应准确性显著相关。
运动成瘾者神经质人格特质得分较高，表现出奖励系统过度激活和抑制系统过度激活。奖励系统的过度激活可能与长期暴露于运动有关。抑制系统的过度激活可能是运动成瘾的一个关键因素。
