Mgbeahuruike Eunice Ego, Stålnacke Milla, Vuorela Heikki, Holm Yvonne
Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 431, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2019 May 4;8(2):55. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics8020055.
Microbial resistance to currently available antibiotics is a public health problem in the fight against infectious diseases. Most antibiotics are characterized by numerous side effects that may be harmful to normal body cells. To improve the efficacy of these antibiotics and to find an alternative way to minimize the adverse effects associated with most conventional antibiotics, piperine and piperlongumine were screened in combination with conventional rifampicin, tetracycline, and itraconazole to evaluate their synergistic, additive, or antagonistic interactions against , and . The fractional inhibitory concentration index was used to estimate the synergistic effects of various combination ratios of the piperamides and antibiotics against the bacterial and fungal strains. Both piperine and piperlongumine showed synergistic effects against when combined at various ratios with rifampicin. Synergistic interaction was also observed with piperine in combination with tetracycline against , while antagonistic interaction was recorded for piperlongumine and tetracycline against All the piperamide/antibacterial combinations tested against showed antagonistic effects, with the exception of piperine and rifampicin, which recorded synergistic interaction at a ratio of 9:1 rifampicin/piperine. No synergistic interaction was observed when the commercial compounds were combined with itraconazole and tested against . The results showed that piperine and piperlongumine are capable of improving the effectiveness of rifampicin and tetracycline. Dosage combinations of these bioactive compounds with the antibiotics used may be a better option for the treatment of bacterial infections that aims to minimize the adverse effects associated with the use of these conventional antibacterial drugs.
微生物对现有抗生素的耐药性是抗击传染病过程中的一个公共卫生问题。大多数抗生素具有诸多可能对正常人体细胞有害的副作用。为提高这些抗生素的疗效，并找到一种替代方法来尽量减少与大多数传统抗生素相关的不良反应，将胡椒碱和荜茇宁与传统的利福平、四环素和伊曲康唑联合进行筛选，以评估它们对[具体细菌和真菌名称缺失]的协同、相加或拮抗相互作用。采用分数抑制浓度指数来评估胡椒酰胺与抗生素不同组合比例对细菌和真菌菌株的协同作用。胡椒碱和荜茇宁在与利福平以不同比例联合时，对[具体细菌名称缺失]均显示出协同作用。胡椒碱与四环素联合对[具体细菌名称缺失]也观察到协同相互作用，而荜茇宁与四环素对[具体细菌名称缺失]则记录为拮抗相互作用。除了胡椒碱与利福平以9:1（利福平/胡椒碱）比例联合显示协同相互作用外，所有测试的胡椒酰胺/抗菌剂组合对[具体细菌名称缺失]均显示拮抗作用。当商业化合物与伊曲康唑联合并针对[具体真菌名称缺失]进行测试时，未观察到协同相互作用。结果表明，胡椒碱和荜茇宁能够提高利福平和四环素的有效性。这些生物活性化合物与所用抗生素的剂量组合可能是治疗细菌感染的更好选择，旨在尽量减少与使用这些传统抗菌药物相关的不良反应。
