Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pediatric Hospital "Giovanni XXIII", Bari 70123, Italy.
Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 May 12;16(9):1649. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16091649.
Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) infections routinely run as a common gastroenteritis, but in many cases they may evolve towards hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). HUS is a rare disease characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. Gut microorganisms have a fundamental impact on human physiology, because they modulate normal intestinal functions and play a pivotal role in influencing the local and systemic immune responses. Despite surveillance established in many countries and major progresses in the understanding of STEC-HUS mechanisms, no specific treatment is currently available. Targeting the gut microbiota could represent a new potential therapeutic strategy in STEC infection. In this paper, we reviewed the current knowledge about microbiota characteristics of patients with STEC infections, as well as in vitro and in vivo evidence of probiotic supplementation in managing STEC gastroenteritis and in HUS onset prevention.
产志贺毒素（STEC）感染通常表现为普通肠胃炎，但在许多情况下，它们可能会发展为溶血性尿毒症综合征（HUS）。HUS 是一种罕见的疾病，其特征为微血管性溶血性贫血、血小板减少症和急性肾衰竭。肠道微生物对人体生理学有重大影响，因为它们调节正常的肠道功能，并在影响局部和全身免疫反应方面发挥关键作用。尽管在许多国家建立了监测系统，并且对 STEC-HUS 机制有了重大进展，但目前尚无特定的治疗方法。针对肠道微生物组可能是 STEC 感染的一种新的潜在治疗策略。在本文中，我们回顾了有关 STEC 感染患者的微生物组特征的现有知识，以及在体外和体内补充益生菌在治疗 STEC 肠胃炎和预防 HUS 发病方面的证据。
