Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
J Bacteriol. 2019 Jul 24;201(16). doi: 10.1128/JB.00219-19. Print 2019 Aug 15.
The genus is composed of bioproducers, which are important for the industrial production of chemicals, as well as pathogens, which are a significant burden to the patients and on the health care industry. Historically, even though these bacteria are well known and are commonly studied, the genetic technologies to advance our understanding of these microbes have lagged behind other systems. New tools would continue the advancement of our understanding of clostridial physiology. The genetic modification systems available in several clostridia are not as refined as in other organisms and each exhibit their own drawbacks. With the advent of the repurposing of the CRISPR-Cas systems for genetic modification, the tools available for clostridia have improved significantly over the past four years. Several CRISPR-Cas systems such as using wild-type Cas9, Cas9n, dCas9/CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) and a newly studied Cpf1/Cas12a, are reported. These have the potential to greatly advance the study of clostridial species leading to future therapies or the enhanced production of industrially relevant compounds. Here we discuss the details of the CRISPR-Cas systems as well as the advances and current issues in the developed clostridial systems.
该属由生物生产者组成，这些生物生产者对于化学品的工业生产很重要，同时它们也是病原体，给患者和医疗保健行业带来了巨大负担。从历史上看，尽管这些细菌是众所周知的，并且经常被研究，但用于增进我们对这些微生物的理解的遗传技术落后于其他系统。新工具将继续推进我们对梭菌生理学的理解。在几种梭菌中可用的遗传修饰系统不如其他生物体中的精细，并且每个系统都有其自身的缺点。随着 CRISPR-Cas 系统被重新用于遗传修饰，过去四年中，可用于梭菌的工具得到了显著改善。已经报道了几种 CRISPR-Cas 系统，例如使用野生型 Cas9、Cas9n、dCas9/CRISPR 干扰 (CRISPRi) 和新研究的 Cpf1/Cas12a。这些系统有可能极大地推进对梭菌物种的研究，从而为未来的疗法或增强工业相关化合物的生产提供新的途径。在这里，我们讨论了 CRISPR-Cas 系统的细节，以及开发的梭菌系统的进展和当前问题。
