Guarnieri Renzo, Di Nardo Dario, Di Giorgio Gianni, Miccoli Gabriele, Testarelli Luca
Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University La Sapienza, RomeItaly.
J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2019 Mar 31;10(1):e3. doi: 10.5037/jomr.2019.10103. eCollection 2019 Jan-Mar.
The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate, by means of intraoral periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography, hard tissue changes after ridge augmentation procedures in posterior extraction sockets with severe wall defects.
Twenty patients, with a non-restorable premolar/molar tooth and severe wall defect, were enrolled in the present study, and underwent single-tooth extraction. Extraction sites were grafted with porcine-derived bone covered by porcine-derived collagen membrane. Intraoral periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography scans, obtained at enrolment, and 6 months after ridge augmentation procedures were analysed and compared.
In the intraoral periapical radiographs, mean vertical bone gains detected at the distal, central and mesial aspects of the extraction sockets were 3.5 (SD 1.1) mm, 8.2 (SD 2.1) mm, and 3.9 (SD 1.7) mm, respectively. In the cone-beam computed tomography scans, the mean vertical bone gains detected at the more vestibular and more palatal aspects were 4.4 (SD 1.9) mm, and 3.3 (SD 2.8) mm, respectively. The mean horizontal bone gain was 3.5 (SD 1.6) mm. In all examined defects, mean vertical and horizontal bone levels showed a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05) at 6 months after extraction.
Within the limits of this study, the results suggest that porcine-derived bone graft covered by a collagen membrane can support significant vertical and horizontal bone gain at posterior post-extraction sockets with severe wall defects.
本前瞻性研究的目的是通过口腔内根尖片和锥形束计算机断层扫描，评估严重壁缺损的后牙拔牙窝在牙槽嵴增高术后的硬组织变化。
本研究纳入了20例患有无法修复的前磨牙/磨牙且存在严重壁缺损的患者，并进行了单颗牙拔除。拔牙部位用猪源骨移植，并覆盖猪源胶原膜。对入组时以及牙槽嵴增高术后6个月获得的口腔内根尖片和锥形束计算机断层扫描图像进行分析和比较。
在口腔内根尖片中，拔牙窝远中、中央和近中部位检测到的平均垂直骨增量分别为3.5（标准差1.1）mm、8.2（标准差2.1）mm和3.9（标准差1.7）mm。在锥形束计算机断层扫描图像中，在前庭侧和腭侧检测到的平均垂直骨增量分别为4.4（标准差1.9）mm和3.3（标准差2.8）mm。平均水平骨增量为3.5（标准差1.6）mm。在所有检查的缺损中，拔牙后6个月时平均垂直和水平骨水平显示出统计学上的显著增加（P < 0.05）。
在本研究的范围内，结果表明胶原膜覆盖的猪源骨移植可使严重壁缺损的后牙拔牙窝获得显著的垂直和水平骨增量。
