Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019 May;23(9):3672-3687. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17791.
Cervical cancer (CC) develops, after human papillomavirus (HPV), an infection transmitted through sexual contact. Worldwide estimates are around >500,000 CC diagnoses and >300,000 related deaths annually, and CC remains the second most devastating type of cancers in women after breast cancer. Although the vaccine against HPV has reduced the incidence of infection and the treatment efficacy of the early-stage diagnoses has improved, many challenges remain in terms of treatment efficacy, during the late-stage and prevention of chemotherapy resistance development. Thus, new tools for prompt diagnoses and more effective curative treatments (including the development of targeted gene therapies) are needed. The long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) (>200 nucleotides) are transcripts that do not encode for any proteins, and they have been linked to the development of cancers (such as leukemia and breast, colorectal, and liver cancers). Some lncRNAs have been identified as the cause of the dysregulation of the oncogenes and progression of CC, but these studies are still very preliminary. In this review, we explore the literature for lncRNAs involved in the development of CC and their signaling pathways to identify those that might serve as early diagnostic biomarkers, or as targets for gene therapy or other curative treatments.
宫颈癌（CC）是由人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染引起的，这种病毒通过性接触传播。全球每年约有>50 万例 CC 诊断和>30 万例相关死亡病例，CC 仍然是仅次于乳腺癌的女性第二大毁灭性癌症。尽管 HPV 疫苗的使用降低了感染率，早期诊断的治疗效果也有所提高，但在晚期治疗效果、预防化疗耐药性发展方面仍存在诸多挑战。因此，需要新的工具来进行快速诊断和更有效的治疗方法（包括靶向基因治疗的发展）。长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）（>200 个核苷酸）是不编码任何蛋白质的转录物，它们与癌症的发生有关（如白血病和乳腺癌、结直肠癌和肝癌）。一些 lncRNA 已被确定为癌基因失调和 CC 进展的原因，但这些研究仍处于初步阶段。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了与 CC 发生发展相关的 lncRNA 及其信号通路的文献，以确定哪些 lncRNA 可能作为早期诊断生物标志物，或作为基因治疗或其他治疗方法的靶点。
