Department of Applied Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
Biomaterials - Department for Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2019 May 27;17(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12951-019-0492-0.
The incidence of lung cancer continues to rise worldwide. Because the aggressive metastasis of lung cancer cells is the major drawback of successful therapies, the crucial challenge of modern nanomedicine is to develop diagnostic tools to map the molecular mechanisms of metastasis in lung cancer patients. In recent years, microfluidic platforms have been given much attention as tools for novel point-of-care diagnostic, an important aspect being the reconstruction of the body organs and tissues mimicking the in vivo conditions in one simple microdevice. Herein, we present the first comprehensive overview of the microfluidic systems used as innovative tools in the studies of lung cancer metastasis including single cancer cell analysis, endothelial transmigration, distant niches migration and finally neoangiogenesis. The application of the microfluidic systems to study the intercellular crosstalk between lung cancer cells and surrounding tumor microenvironment and the connection with multiple molecular signals coming from the external cellular matrix are discussed. We also focus on recent breakthrough technologies regarding lab-on-chip devices that serve as tools for detecting circulating lung cancer cells. The superiority of microfluidic systems over traditional in vitro cell-based assays with regard to modern nanosafety studies and new cancer drug design and discovery is also addressed. Finally, the current progress and future challenges regarding printable and paper-based microfluidic devices for personalized nanomedicine are summarized.
肺癌的发病率在全球范围内持续上升。由于肺癌细胞的侵袭性转移是成功治疗的主要障碍，因此现代纳米医学的关键挑战是开发诊断工具，以绘制肺癌患者转移的分子机制图谱。近年来，微流控平台作为新型即时诊断工具引起了广泛关注，其一个重要方面是在一个简单的微器件中重建模拟体内条件的器官和组织。在此，我们首次全面概述了微流控系统作为肺癌转移研究中的创新工具的应用，包括单细胞分析、内皮细胞迁移、远处龛位迁移和新生血管形成。讨论了微流控系统在研究肺癌细胞与周围肿瘤微环境之间的细胞间串扰以及与来自细胞外基质的多个分子信号的连接方面的应用。我们还重点介绍了用于检测循环肺癌细胞的芯片实验室设备方面的最新突破性技术。还讨论了微流控系统相对于传统基于细胞的体外分析在现代纳米安全性研究和新型癌症药物设计和发现方面的优势。最后，总结了用于个性化纳米医学的可打印和基于纸张的微流控设备的当前进展和未来挑战。
