Nam Seungyoon, Kim Jung Ho, Lee Dae Ho
Department of Genome Medicine and Science, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.
Gachon Institute of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea.
Front Genet. 2019 May 15;10:438. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00438. eCollection 2019.
The well-known signal mediator and small GTPase family member, RHOA, has now been associated with the progression of specific malignancies. In this review, we appraise the biomedical literature regarding the role of this enzyme in gastric cancer (GC) signaling, suggesting potential clinical significance. To that end, we examined RHOA activity, with regard to second-generation hallmarks of cancer, finding particular association with the hallmark "activation of invasion and metastasis." Moreover, an abundance of studies show RHOA association with Lauren classification diffuse subtype, in addition to poorly differentiated GC. With regard to therapeutic value, we found RHOA signaling to influence the activity of specific widely used chemotherapeutics, and its possible antagonism by various dietary constituents. We also review currently available targeted therapies for GC. The latter, however, showed a paucity of such agents, underscoring the urgent need for further investigation into treatments for this highly lethal malignancy.
著名的信号介质和小GTP酶家族成员RHOA，现已与特定恶性肿瘤的进展相关联。在本综述中，我们评估了关于该酶在胃癌（GC）信号传导中作用的生物医学文献，提示其潜在的临床意义。为此，我们根据癌症的第二代特征研究了RHOA活性，发现其与“侵袭和转移激活”这一特征存在特别关联。此外，大量研究表明，除了低分化GC外，RHOA还与劳伦分类弥漫型亚型相关。关于治疗价值，我们发现RHOA信号传导会影响特定广泛使用的化疗药物的活性，以及各种膳食成分对其可能的拮抗作用。我们还综述了目前可用的GC靶向治疗方法。然而，后者显示此类药物匮乏，凸显了迫切需要进一步研究针对这种高度致命性恶性肿瘤的治疗方法。
