Stanovich Keith E
Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, 252 Bloor St. West, Toronto, ON M5S 1V6, Canada.
J Intell. 2018 Apr 25;6(2):25. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence6020025.
I agree with the target essay that psychology has something to offer in helping to address societal problems. Intelligence has helped meliorate some social problems throughout history, including the period of time that is covered by the Flynn effect, but I agree with Sternberg that other psychological characteristics may be contributing as well, particularly increases in rationality. I also believe that increasing human rationality could have a variety of positive societal affects at levels somewhat smaller in grain size than the societal problems that Sternberg focuses on. Some of the societal problems that Sternberg lists, however, I do not think would be remedied by increases in rationality, intelligence, or wisdom, because remedy might be the wrong word in the context of these issues. Issues such as how much inequality of income to tolerate, how much pollution to tolerate, and how much we should sacrifice economic growth for potential future changes in global temperature represent issues of clashing values, not the inability to process information, nor the lack of information, nor the failure to show wisdom.
我赞同目标论文的观点，即心理学在帮助解决社会问题方面能有所贡献。在历史上，智力有助于改善一些社会问题，包括弗林效应所涵盖的时期，但我同意斯滕伯格的观点，即其他心理特征可能也起到了作用，尤其是理性的提升。我还认为，提高人类理性可能会在比斯滕伯格所关注的社会问题粒度稍小的层面上产生各种积极的社会影响。然而，我认为斯滕伯格列出的一些社会问题不会因理性、智力或智慧的提升而得到解决，因为在这些问题的背景下，“解决”可能并不是一个恰当的词。诸如容忍多大程度的收入不平等、容忍多少污染以及为了未来全球气温的潜在变化我们应该在多大程度上牺牲经济增长等问题，代表的是相互冲突的价值观问题，而不是处理信息的能力不足、缺乏信息或未能展现智慧的问题。
