Crawford Jarret T, Brandt Mark J, Inbar Yoel, Chambers John R, Motyl Matt
Psychology Department, The College of New Jersey.
Department of Psychology, Tilburg University.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2017 Mar;112(3):383-412. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000074.
Liberals and conservatives both express prejudice toward ideologically dissimilar others (Brandt et al., 2014). Previous work on ideological prejudice did not take advantage of evidence showing that ideology is multidimensional, with social and economic ideologies representing related but separable belief systems. In 5 studies (total N = 4912), we test 3 competing hypotheses of a multidimensional account of ideological prejudice. The dimension-specific symmetry hypothesis predicts that social and economic ideologies differentially predict prejudice against targets who are perceived to vary on the social and economic political dimensions, respectively. The social primacy hypothesis predicts that such ideological worldview conflict is experienced more strongly along the social than economic dimension. The social-specific asymmetry hypothesis predicts that social conservatives will be more prejudiced than social liberals, with no specific hypotheses for the economic dimension. Using multiple target groups, multiple prejudice measures (e.g., global evaluations, behavior), and multiple social and economic ideology measures (self-placement, issue positions), we found relatively consistent support for the dimension-specific symmetry and social primacy hypotheses, and no support for the social-specific asymmetry hypothesis. These results suggest that worldview conflict and negative intergroup attitudes and behaviors are dimension-specific, but that the social dimension appears to inspire more political conflict than the economic dimension. (PsycINFO Database Record
自由主义者和保守主义者都对在意识形态上与自己不同的他人表现出偏见（布兰特等人，2014年）。以往关于意识形态偏见的研究没有利用证据表明意识形态是多维的，社会和经济意识形态代表了相关但可分离的信仰体系。在5项研究（总样本量N = 4912）中，我们检验了关于意识形态偏见多维解释的3种相互竞争的假设。维度特定对称假设预测，社会和经济意识形态分别对针对在社会和经济政治维度上被认为不同的目标的偏见有不同的预测作用。社会首要性假设预测，这种意识形态世界观冲突在社会维度上比在经济维度上感受更强烈。社会特定不对称假设预测，社会保守主义者比社会自由主义者更有偏见，而对经济维度没有具体假设。通过使用多个目标群体、多种偏见测量方法（如总体评价、行为）以及多种社会和经济意识形态测量方法（自我定位、议题立场），我们发现对维度特定对称假设和社会首要性假设得到了相对一致的支持，而对社会特定不对称假设没有支持。这些结果表明，世界观冲突以及负面的群体间态度和行为是维度特定的，但社会维度似乎比经济维度引发更多的政治冲突。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
