Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
Mpala Research Centre, Nanyuki, Kenya.
Am J Primatol. 2019 Jul;81(6):e22997. doi: 10.1002/ajp.22997. Epub 2019 Jun 10.
As the value of Global Positioning System (GPS) technology in addressing primatological questions becomes more obvious, more studies will include capturing and collaring primates, with concomitant increased risk of adverse consequences to primate subjects. Here we detail our experiences in capturing, immobilizing, and placing GPS collars on six olive baboons (Papio anubis) in four groups and 12 vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) in five groups in Kenya. We captured baboons with cage traps and vervets with box traps, immobilized them, and attached GPS collars that were to be worn for 1 year. Adverse consequences from the trapping effort included incidental death of two nonsubjects (an adult female and her dependent infant), temporary rectal prolapse in one baboon, superficial wounds on the crown of the head in two vervets, and failure to recapture/remove collars from two baboons and two vervets. Obvious negative effects from wearing collars were limited to abrasions around the neck of one vervet. A possible, and if so, serious, adverse effect was greater mortality for collared adult female vervets compared with known uncollared adult female vervets, largely due to leopard (Panthera pardus) predation. Collared animals could be more vulnerable to predation because trapping favors bolder individuals, who may also be more vulnerable to predation, or because collars could slow them down or make them more noticeable to predators. Along with recommendations made by others, we suggest that future studies diversify trapping bait to minimize the risk of rectal prolapse, avoid capturing the first individuals to enter traps, test the movement speeds of collared versus noncollared animals, include a release system on the collars to avoid retrapping failure, and publish both positive and negative effects of capturing, immobilizing, and collaring.
随着全球定位系统（GPS）技术在解决灵长类动物学问题方面的价值变得越来越明显，更多的研究将包括捕获和佩戴灵长类动物项圈，随之而来的是对灵长类动物主体产生不利后果的风险增加。在这里，我们详细介绍了我们在肯尼亚的四个群体中捕获、麻醉和放置六只橄榄狒狒（Papio anubis）和五个群体中的 12 只绿长尾猴（Chlorocebus pygerythrus）的 GPS 项圈的经验。我们用笼式陷阱捕获狒狒，用箱式陷阱捕获长尾猴，对它们进行麻醉，并戴上要佩戴一年的 GPS 项圈。捕捉工作带来的不利后果包括两只非研究对象（一只成年雌性及其幼仔）意外死亡，一只狒狒出现暂时性直肠脱垂，两只长尾猴头顶出现浅表伤口，以及两只狒狒和两只长尾猴的项圈未能重新捕获/取下。佩戴项圈的明显负面影响仅限于一只长尾猴颈部周围的擦伤。如果有的话，一个可能且严重的不利影响是佩戴项圈的成年雌性长尾猴死亡率高于已知未佩戴项圈的成年雌性长尾猴，这主要是由于豹（Panthera pardus）捕食。佩戴项圈的动物可能更容易受到捕食者的攻击，因为诱捕偏爱更胆大的个体，而这些个体可能更容易受到捕食者的攻击，或者因为项圈可能会使它们行动更缓慢或更容易被捕食者发现。除了其他研究人员提出的建议外，我们还建议未来的研究多样化诱捕诱饵，以最大限度地降低直肠脱垂的风险，避免捕获最先进入陷阱的个体，测试佩戴项圈和未佩戴项圈的动物的移动速度，在项圈上增加释放系统以避免重新捕获失败，并公布捕获、麻醉和佩戴项圈的积极和消极影响。
