Choi Seulggie, Kim Kyuwoong, Lee Jong Koo, Choi Ji Yeob, Shin Aesun, Park Sue Kyung, Kang Daehee, Park Sang Min
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Diabetes Metab J. 2019 Oct;43(5):615-626. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0128. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
The association between change in alcohol intake and metabolic syndrome is unclear.
This retrospective cohort consisted of 41,368 males and females from the Health Examinees-GEM study. Participants were divided into non-drinkers (0.0 g/day), light drinkers (male: 0.1 to 19.9 g/day; female: 0.1 to 9.9 g/day), moderate drinkers (male: 20.0 to 39.9 g/day; female: 10.0 to 19.9 g/day), and heavy drinkers (male: ≥40.0 g/day; female: ≥20.0 g/day) for each of the initial and follow-up health examinations. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for developing metabolic syndrome according to the change in alcohol consumption between the initial and follow-up health examinations. Adjusted mean values for the change in waist circumference, fasting serum glucose (FSG), blood pressure, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were determined according to the change in alcohol consumption by linear regression analysis.
Compared to persistent light drinkers, those who increased alcohol intake to heavy levels had elevated risk of metabolic syndrome (aOR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.92). In contrast, heavy drinkers who became light drinkers had reduced risk of metabolic syndrome (aOR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.84) compared to persistent heavy drinkers. Increased alcohol consumption was associated with elevated adjusted mean values for waist circumference, FSG, blood pressure, triglycerides, and HDL-C levels (all <0.05). Reduction in alcohol intake was associated with decreased waist circumference, FSG, blood pressure, triglycerides, and HDL-C levels among initial heavy drinkers (all <0.05).
Heavy drinkers who reduce alcohol consumption could benefit from reduced risk of metabolic syndrome.
酒精摄入量变化与代谢综合征之间的关联尚不清楚。
本回顾性队列研究纳入了健康体检者-基因流行病学研究（Health Examinees-GEM study）中的41368名男性和女性。在初次和随访健康检查时，参与者被分为不饮酒者（0.0克/天）、轻度饮酒者（男性：0.1至19.9克/天；女性：0.1至9.9克/天）、中度饮酒者（男性：20.0至39.9克/天；女性：10.0至19.9克/天）和重度饮酒者（男性：≥40.0克/天；女性：≥20.0克/天）。采用逻辑回归分析，根据初次和随访健康检查之间酒精摄入量的变化，确定发生代谢综合征的校正比值比（aORs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。通过线性回归分析，根据酒精摄入量的变化确定腰围、空腹血糖（FSG）、血压、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平变化的校正均值。
与持续的轻度饮酒者相比，那些将酒精摄入量增加到重度水平的人患代谢综合征的风险升高（aOR，1.45；95%CI，1.09至1.92）。相比之下，与持续的重度饮酒者相比，变为轻度饮酒者的重度饮酒者患代谢综合征的风险降低（aOR，0.61；95%CI，0.44至0.84）。酒精摄入量增加与腰围、FSG、血压、甘油三酯和HDL-C水平的校正均值升高相关（均P<0.05）。在初始重度饮酒者中，酒精摄入量减少与腰围、FSG、血压、甘油三酯和HDL-C水平降低相关（均P<0.05）。
减少酒精摄入量的重度饮酒者可能会从降低代谢综合征风险中获益。
