Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute under FMBA of Russia, Orekhovyy Bul'var 28, Moscow 115682, Russia.
Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya St., 18, Kazan 420000, Russia.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 May 22;2019:1689861. doi: 10.1155/2019/1689861. eCollection 2019.
Respiratory diseases are accompanied by intensification of free radical processes at different levels of the biological body organization. Simultaneous stress and suppression of various parts of antioxidant protection lead to the development of oxidative stress (OS) and nitrosative stress (NS). The basic mechanisms of initiation and development of the OS and NS in pulmonary pathology are considered. The antioxidant defense system of the respiratory tract is characterized. The results of the NS and OS marker study in various respiratory diseases are presented. It is shown that NS and OS are multilevel complex-regulated processes, existing and developing in inseparable connection with a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes. The study of NS and OS mechanisms contributes to the improvement of the quality of diagnosis and the development of therapeutic agents that act on different pathogenetic stages of the disease.
呼吸系统疾病伴随着生物机体组织不同水平上自由基过程的加剧。抗氧化保护的各个部分的同时应激和抑制导致氧化应激（OS）和硝化应激（NS）的发展。考虑了肺病理学中 OS 和 NS 的起始和发展的基本机制。描述了呼吸道抗氧化防御系统的特征。提出了各种呼吸系统疾病中 NS 和 OS 标志物研究的结果。结果表明，NS 和 OS 是多层次的复杂调节过程，与许多生理和病理生理过程不可分割地存在和发展。对 NS 和 OS 机制的研究有助于提高诊断质量，并开发针对疾病不同发病阶段的治疗药物。
