环状RNA在消化系统肿瘤中的调控机制及临床研究进展
Regulatory mechanisms and clinical perspectives of circRNA in digestive system neoplasms.
作者信息
Sun Zhenqiang, Chen Chen, Su Yingfeng, Wang Weiwei, Yang Shuaixi, Zhou Quanbo, Wang Guixian, Li Zhen, Song Junmin, Zhang Zhiyong, Yuan Weitang, Liu Jinbo
机构信息
Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
Department of gastrointestinal surgery, The people's hospital of Dezhou, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, China.
出版信息
J Cancer. 2019 Jun 2;10(13):2885-2891. doi: 10.7150/jca.31167. eCollection 2019.
A new star, circular RNA (circRNA), is a class of noncoding RNA with a stable cyclic structure. Exonic circRNA mainly exists in the eukaryotic cytoplasm. Intronic circRNAs (ciRNA) and exonic circRNAs with introns (EIciRNA) are found in the nucleus. Recent evidences showed the functional diversity of circRNAs, which could be microRNA (miRNA) sponges, interact with protein or translate into small peptide. Due to the change of human eating habits, digestive cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide and it is prone to metastasis. Increasing studies have found a number of circRNAs using RNA sequencing technology and displayed double roles of circRNA in digestive cancer. In this review, we surveyed the biogenesis and regulation of circRNAs, discussed circRNA functions and clinical applications (especially circRNAs in exosome) in digestive cancers, which implied that circRNAs could be as potential biomarkers in diagnosis and treatment of digestive cancers in the future.
一个新的明星——环状RNA（circRNA），是一类具有稳定环状结构的非编码RNA。外显子circRNA主要存在于真核细胞质中。内含子circRNA（ciRNA）和带有内含子的外显子circRNA（EIciRNA）存在于细胞核中。最近的证据表明circRNA具有功能多样性，它可以作为微小RNA（miRNA）海绵，与蛋白质相互作用或翻译成小肽。由于人类饮食习惯的改变，消化系统癌症仍然是全球最常见的癌症之一，且易于转移。越来越多的研究利用RNA测序技术发现了许多circRNA，并揭示了circRNA在消化系统癌症中的双重作用。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了circRNA的生物发生和调控，讨论了circRNA在消化系统癌症中的功能和临床应用（特别是外泌体中的circRNA），这意味着circRNA未来可能成为消化系统癌症诊断和治疗的潜在生物标志物。
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