Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
bpk consultancy gmbh, Thun, Switzerland.
Int J Legal Med. 2020 May;134(3):1007-1013. doi: 10.1007/s00414-019-02107-z. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
Blunt abdominal organ injury is an abundant and relevant topic in forensic medicine, yet comparatively few experimental studies have been performed to quantify organ injury threshold parameters. The goal of this study was to relate an impact to a kidney injury determining an energy threshold while taking account of the influence of the overlaying soft tissue thickness. A model consisting of ballistic gelatin with an embedded filled porcine kidney was made such that a gelatin layer of 2 or 4 cm thickness covered the organ. An impactor was dropped on this model from different heights and the resulting organ damage was categorized according to the abbreviated injury scale (AIS). The 50% energy threshold for damage and the 50% energy threshold causing injuries ≥ AIS 3 were determined for the two protecting soft layers to be 22 J and 32 J and 27 J and 36 J, respectively. A finite element model was created to determine the strain energy densities at the depth of the organ's surface for these energies. The strain energy densities for the 50% damage thresholds were 88.9 mJ/cm and 86.7 mJ/cm for 2 and 4 cm and for the injuries ≥ AIS 3104.2 mJ/cm and 98.7 mJ/cm. For forensic cases, this means that the thickness of the abdominal layers must be taken into account when the severity of an injury is used to draw conclusions about the applied impact strength.
钝性腹部器官损伤在法医学中是一个丰富且相关的主题，但相对较少有实验研究来量化器官损伤的阈值参数。本研究的目的是确定一个冲击对肾脏损伤的能量阈值，同时考虑到覆盖的软组织厚度的影响。制作了一个包含嵌入式填充猪肾的明胶模型，使得 2 或 4 cm 厚的明胶层覆盖在器官上。冲击器从不同高度落在这个模型上，根据损伤严重程度评分（AIS）对产生的器官损伤进行分类。对于两种保护软组织，导致损伤的 50%能量阈值和导致损伤≥AIS3 的 50%能量阈值分别为 22 J 和 32 J，以及 27 J 和 36 J。创建了一个有限元模型来确定这些能量在器官表面深度处的应变能密度。50%损伤阈值的应变能密度分别为 88.9 mJ/cm 和 86.7 mJ/cm，对于 2 和 4 cm，对于损伤≥AIS3 为 104.2 mJ/cm 和 98.7 mJ/cm。对于法医学案例，这意味着在使用损伤严重程度来推断所施加的冲击强度时，必须考虑腹部层的厚度。
