Palmer Lena B, Kuftinec Gabriela, Pearlman Michelle, Green Caitlin Homberger
Division of Gastroenterology, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 2400 Canal St, New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Miami Health Systems, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2019 Jul 10;21(8):38. doi: 10.1007/s11894-019-0706-5.
This review discusses the prevalence of malnutrition in cirrhosis, metabolic functions of the liver and alterations in cirrhosis, malnutrition screening tools, and common macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies encountered in individuals with chronic liver disease and their impact on morbidity and mortality.
Several meta-analyses and international society guidelines recommend malnutrition screening and nutrition interventions to improve outcomes in all patients with chronic liver disease given their high risk of malnutrition which is often under recognized. Malnutrition is common in individuals with chronic liver disease and has a significant impact on patient outcomes. Thus, it is critical that validated malnutrition screening tools are used routinely in this patient population in order to identify high-risk patients and implement nutrition and exercise interventions early.
本综述讨论了肝硬化患者营养不良的患病率、肝脏的代谢功能及肝硬化中的改变、营养不良筛查工具，以及慢性肝病患者常见的宏量营养素和微量营养素缺乏情况及其对发病率和死亡率的影响。
多项荟萃分析和国际社会指南建议，鉴于所有慢性肝病患者营养不良风险高且常未被认识到，应对其进行营养不良筛查和营养干预以改善预后。营养不良在慢性肝病患者中很常见，对患者预后有重大影响。因此，至关重要的是在这一患者群体中常规使用经过验证的营养不良筛查工具，以便识别高危患者并尽早实施营养和运动干预。
