Rubbi Ivan, Pasquinelli Gianandrea, Cremonini Valeria, Fortunato Flavio, Gatti Lorenzo, Lepanto Federica, Artioli Giovanna, Bonacaro Antonio
University of Bologna.
Acta Biomed. 2019 Jul 8;90(6-S):68-77. doi: 10.23750/abm.v90i6-S.8568.
Nursing has not yet received full social recognition and in general the public opinion does not have a completely positive perception of it, which regards it as an auxiliary profession to the medical profession. This study aims to investigate the image of the nurse among year 4 and 5 high school students.
Two groups of students were interviewed, one at their institution without any previous orientation (n = 102) and one at the University of Bologna during orientation day (n = 388). A validated questionnaire (Nursing Attitude Questionnaire) of 30 items was delivered. Two additional questions were added to explore the possibility of advising relatives and acquaintances to become a nurse and therefore to choose the nursing degree course.
All areas of the NAQ scored significantly higher in the group where students attended the orientation day, especially the ones related to the professional role, stereotypes and professional value items. Female students ≥ 21 had a more positive image of the nurse. Both groups recognized that nurses are important figures for patients and that they are intelligent people, who must have a degree in order to carry out their work duties. Differences between the groups were recorded. Students in group 1 did not accept nursing autonomy while students in group 2 understood differences between nursing and medical careers, attributing to them the same value. A positive correlation between the positive image of the nursing profession and the interest in becoming nurses or advising others to undertake the nursing course was found. In conclusion, orientation is effective in helping high school students in the choice of their university courses. Regarding nursing, strategies to improve the image of the nurse and enrollment should be combined during orientation day with current up to date communication and learning tools, such as social media and simulation laboratories. Furthermore, it appears increasingly important to extend orientation and tutoring activities to junior high school students, families and teachers.
护理尚未获得充分的社会认可，总体而言，公众舆论对其看法并非完全积极，认为它是医疗行业的辅助职业。本研究旨在调查4年级和5年级高中生心目中护士的形象。
对两组学生进行了访谈，一组是在其所在学校且未事先接受任何指导的学生（n = 102），另一组是在博洛尼亚大学迎新日当天的学生（n = 388）。发放了一份经过验证的包含30个条目的问卷（护理态度问卷）。另外增加了两个问题，以探究是否有可能建议亲戚和熟人成为护士，从而选择护理学位课程。
在参加迎新日活动的学生组中，护理态度问卷的所有领域得分均显著更高，尤其是与职业角色、刻板印象和职业价值观项目相关的领域。年龄≥21岁的女学生对护士的形象更为积极。两组都认识到护士对患者来说是重要人物，并且他们是聪明人，必须拥有学位才能履行工作职责。记录了两组之间的差异。第一组学生不接受护理工作的自主性，而第二组学生理解护理职业与医疗职业的差异，并赋予它们同等价值。发现护理职业的积极形象与成为护士或建议他人选择护理课程的兴趣之间存在正相关。总之，迎新活动有助于高中生选择大学课程。对于护理专业而言，在迎新日应将改善护士形象和招生的策略与当前最新的沟通和学习工具（如社交媒体和模拟实验室）相结合。此外，将迎新和辅导活动扩展到初中生、家庭和教师似乎越来越重要。
