Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 2019 Jun;40(2):211-226. doi: 10.1007/s10974-019-09538-6. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
MYOD is a master regulator of the skeletal myogenic program. But what regulates expression of Myod? More than 20 years ago, studies established that Myod expression is largely controlled by just two enhancer regions located within a region 24 kb upstream of the transcription start site in mammals, which regulate Myod expression in the embryo, fetus and adult. Despite this apparently simple arrangement, Myod regulation is complex, with different combinations of transcription factors acting on these enhancers in different muscle progenitor cells and phases of differentiation. A range of epigenetic modifications in the Myod upstream region also play a part in activating and repressing Myod expression during development and regeneration. Here the evidence for this binding at Myod control regions is summarized, giving an overview of our current understanding of Myod expression regulation in mammals.
MYOD 是骨骼肌发生程序的主调控因子。但是，什么调节 Myod 的表达呢？20 多年前的研究已经确定，Myod 的表达主要受两个增强子区域调控，这两个区域位于哺乳动物转录起始位点上游 24kb 内，调节胚胎、胎儿和成年期的 Myod 表达。尽管这种安排看似简单，但 Myod 的调控非常复杂，不同的转录因子组合在不同的肌肉祖细胞和分化阶段作用于这些增强子。Myod 上游区域的一系列表观遗传修饰在发育和再生过程中也参与激活和抑制 Myod 的表达。这里总结了在 Myod 调控区域的这种结合的证据，概述了我们目前对哺乳动物中 Myod 表达调控的理解。
