Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Semin Perinatol. 2019 Nov;43(7):151160. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2019.06.008. Epub 2019 Jun 22.
Late preterm infants comprise the majority of preterm infants, yet there are few data to support best nutritional practice for these infants. Breastmilk is considered the best choice of enteral feeding for late preterm infants. However, supplementation of breastmilk may be indicated to promote optimal growth. Preterm formulas can be used for supplementation of breastmilk or as a breastmilk substitute but there is little evidence for their use in the late preterm infant. Feeding difficulties are common and some infants require intravenous nutritional support soon after birth. Others require tube feeding until full sucking feeds are established. Future research should focus on whether nutritional support of late preterm babies pending exclusive breastfeeding influences growth, body composition and long-term outcomes of late preterm infants and, if so, how nutritional interventions can optimise these outcomes.
晚期早产儿占早产儿的大多数，但几乎没有数据支持这些婴儿的最佳营养实践。母乳被认为是晚期早产儿最佳的肠内喂养选择。然而，可能需要补充母乳以促进最佳生长。早产儿配方奶粉可用于补充母乳或替代母乳，但几乎没有证据表明它们可用于晚期早产儿。喂养困难很常见，一些婴儿在出生后不久就需要静脉营养支持，另一些则需要管饲喂养，直到完全吸吮喂养建立为止。未来的研究应集中在等待纯母乳喂养的晚期早产儿的营养支持是否会影响其生长、身体成分和晚期早产儿的长期结局，如果会，营养干预如何优化这些结局。
