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[大学工作人员心血管风险的营养治疗]

[Nutritional treatment for cardiovascular risk in a university worker].

作者信息

Martínez-Martínez Gerardo, Ortiz-Moncada Rocío, Noreña-Peña Ana

机构信息

Departamento de Enfermería Comunitaria, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.

出版信息

Arch Prev Riesgos Labor. 2019 Jul-Sep;22(3):129-133. doi: 10.12961/aprl.2019.22.03.3.

Abstract

We present the case of a 47 year old nonsmoking university professor with moderate cardiovascular risk (CVR) (2%) according to HeartScore: obesity (body mass index, 32.8kg/m2); waist-to-hip ratio:1.08; high blood pressure, 150/101 mmHg; and hypercholesterolemia: 223 mg/ dL). The initial food inventory (2016) showed a consumption pattern of 2100 kcal/day (24% proteins, 45% fats, 31% carbohydrates); low intake of potassium (51%) and vitamin-D (42%); consumption of two alcoholic drinks/ per week. Dietary treatment consisted of 2500 kcal/day (distributed as 14% protein, 32% fat, 51% carbohydrates), and increased vitamin D intake (10.50 μg/day), following the European Cardiovascular Prevention Guide. Favorable changes were apparent after one year of treatment: body mass index (30.5kg/m2), waist-to-hip ratio (0.98), blood pressure (128/90mmHg), supported by laboratory and dietary data. This article presents relevant aspects of an individualized nutritional intervention targeting CVR factors in the workplace. It highlights the competencies of the dietitian and the coordination of the universitybased occupational health service as community health assets, to revert CVR parameters, especially anthropometric and blood pressure data.

摘要

我们介绍了一位47岁的非吸烟大学教授的病例,根据心脏风险评分(HeartScore),其心血管风险为中度(2%):存在肥胖(体重指数为32.8kg/m²);腰臀比为1.08;高血压,血压值为150/101mmHg;以及高胆固醇血症:223mg/dL。初始食物清单(2016年)显示其每日能量消耗模式为2100千卡(24%为蛋白质,45%为脂肪,31%为碳水化合物);钾摄入量低(51%),维生素D摄入量低(42%);每周饮用两杯酒精饮料。饮食治疗方案为每日2500千卡(分配比例为14%蛋白质、32%脂肪、51%碳水化合物),并按照欧洲心血管疾病预防指南增加维生素D摄入量(每日10.50μg)。治疗一年后出现了有利变化:体重指数(30.5kg/m²)、腰臀比(0.98)、血压(128/90mmHg),实验室和饮食数据均证实了这些变化。本文介绍了针对工作场所心血管风险因素的个体化营养干预的相关方面。它强调了营养师的能力以及大学职业健康服务作为社区健康资源的协调作用,以恢复心血管风险参数,尤其是人体测量和血压数据。

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