Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Neurohumoral and Immunological Research, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.
Stem Cells Dev. 2019 Sep 15;28(18):1253-1263. doi: 10.1089/scd.2019.0092. Epub 2019 Aug 12.
The pathological processes developing after spinal cord injuries often lead to formation of cysts. Existing surgical and medical methods are insufficient for treatment of post-traumatic spinal cord cysts. One of the emerging tools is cell therapy. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are perspective cells for cell therapy. In this study, we demonstrated that human OEC transplantation is effective in experimental spinal cysts. For our experiments, we selected animals only at the intermediate stage of recovery with scores from 8 to 13 according to the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scale. Cells were transplanted in different quantities (0.75 and 1.5 million) into the fully formed cysts and in the areas of injury without cysts. Improvement of limb mobility after human OEC transplantation into post-traumatic cysts was shown. In the group of rats with cysts, time-dependent increase in the BBB score was observed in subgroups treated with 0.75 and 1.5 million OECs with no statistically significant time-dependent dynamics of BBB values in the control group. When all three subgroups (control and two OEC doses) were compared, the Kruskal-Wallis test showed the presence of differences between subgroups after 1, 3, and 4 weeks of treatment with evidence of divergence increase. There was no statistically significant difference between the two doses of OEC treatment. The human OECs in the experiments without cysts were not effective. It was also shown that PKH26-labeled human OECs survive throughout the experiment and migrate to nearby areas of the cyst. Therefore, it was found that it is effective to transplant human OECs into fully formed cysts. In the future, autologous OECs can be used to personalize the treatment of patients with spinal cysts.
脊髓损伤后发展的病理过程常常导致囊肿的形成。现有的手术和医学方法不足以治疗创伤后脊髓囊肿。细胞治疗是一种新兴的工具。嗅鞘细胞（OEC）是细胞治疗的有前途的细胞。在这项研究中，我们证明了人嗅鞘细胞移植在实验性脊髓囊肿中是有效的。对于我们的实验，我们仅选择了根据巴索、比蒂和布雷森汉（BBB）量表得分在 8 到 13 分的中间恢复阶段的动物。细胞以不同的数量（0.75 和 150 万）移植到完全形成的囊肿中和没有囊肿的损伤区域。在创伤后囊肿中移植人嗅鞘细胞后，肢体运动能力得到改善。在囊肿大鼠组中，用 0.75 和 150 万 OEC 治疗的亚组中观察到 BBB 评分的时间依赖性增加，而对照组 BBB 值的时间依赖性动态没有统计学意义。当比较所有三个亚组（对照组和两个 OEC 剂量）时，Kruskal-Wallis 检验显示在治疗后 1、3 和 4 周时亚组之间存在差异，并且存在发散增加的证据。两种 OEC 剂量治疗之间没有统计学差异。在没有囊肿的实验中，人嗅鞘细胞没有效果。还表明，PKH26 标记的人嗅鞘细胞在整个实验过程中存活并迁移到囊肿附近区域。因此，发现将人嗅鞘细胞移植到完全形成的囊肿中是有效的。将来，可以使用自体嗅鞘细胞为脊髓囊肿患者进行个体化治疗。
