Ouédraogo Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé, Ouoba Serge, Savadogo Mamoudou, Sawadogo Moussa, Nikiema Edmond, Ouédraogo Hamadé, Sawadogo Emmanuel, Sama Panba, Yaméogo Issouf, Coulibaly Flora, Ouédraogo Dieu-Donné
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Unité de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro (URCN), Nanoro, Burkina Faso.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 May 13;33:19. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.19.17913. eCollection 2019.
Varicella is a viral disease whose cause is poorly known in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study is to describe varicella features in the department of infectious diseases at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital. We here report a series of 19 cases of patients hospitalized between the 1January 2005 and 31 December 2014. The study included all patients with complete and workable medical records who received a positive diagnosis of varicella. The rate of varicella was 6.2%, accounting for 14.6% of febrile rash. It had been more common in 2011, from January to March. The average age was 19 years and half of the patients were aged between 6 and 30 years. Comorbidities were dominated by HIV infection and herpes. Clinically, fever and pruritus were the typical symptoms and vesicles were the most common type of eruption. On admission, the main complications included pulmonary, hematological and cutaneous complications. The median duration of hospitalization was 5 days, ranging between 0 and 13 days. The main treatments were based on antiviral drugs in 9 cases, antipyretic drugs in 19 cases, topic drugs in 17 cases and antihistamines in 11 cases. Out of 19 cases of varicella, 14 were cured and 2 died, including 1 adult out of 10 and 1 child out of 9. Varicella is usually a benign disease. It can be fatal in adults and children with severe complications.
水痘是一种病毒性疾病，其病因在布基纳法索尚不为人所知。本研究的目的是描述雅尔加杜·韦德拉奥果大学医院传染病科水痘的特征。我们在此报告了2005年1月1日至2014年12月31日期间住院的一系列19例患者。该研究纳入了所有病历完整且可行、水痘诊断呈阳性的患者。水痘发病率为6.2%，占发热性皮疹的14.6%。2011年1月至3月更为常见。平均年龄为19岁，一半患者年龄在6至30岁之间。合并症以艾滋病毒感染和疱疹为主。临床上，发热和瘙痒是典型症状，水疱是最常见的皮疹类型。入院时，主要并发症包括肺部、血液学和皮肤并发症。住院时间中位数为5天，范围在0至13天之间。主要治疗方法为9例使用抗病毒药物、19例使用退烧药、17例使用局部用药、11例使用抗组胺药。19例水痘患者中，14例治愈，2例死亡，包括10名成人中的1例和9名儿童中的1例。水痘通常是一种良性疾病。在患有严重并发症的成人和儿童中可能致命。
