Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Yeast. 2019 Oct;36(10):617-631. doi: 10.1002/yea.3430. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
Yeasts are common constituents of different types of soil. Their diversity depends on the season, the type and depth of the soil, the plant species, and the locality. In this study, diversity of yeasts isolated from the soil adjacent to five fruit trees (apple, appricot, peach, pear, and plum) in two localities (in Slovakia) in four sampling periods was examined. Our results demonstrated differences in the species richness and evenness among the yeast populations, which inhabited the soil beneath individual fruit tree species in both localities. Altogether, 32 ascomycetous and 27 basidiomycetous yeast species were discovered. The highest species richness was found in the soil adjacent to the apricot trees. Galactomyces candidum, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Schwanniomyces capriottii, and Tausonia pullulans, as well as the genus Apiotrichum, were present in soil samples in all samplings. Two species of the genus Holtermanniella (H. festucosa and H. takashimae) were exclusively isolated during Sampling IV in April. Cyberlindnera spp., Clavispora reshetovae, S. capriottii, and Trichosporon asahii were found only in one of two localities. Ascomycetous yeasts were present more frequently than their basidiomycetous counterparts in the three samplings (one in June and two in October); they formed from 65.6% to 70.8% of the total yeast population, whereas basidiomycetous yeasts prevailed in the April sampling (61.2%).
酵母是不同类型土壤的常见成分。它们的多样性取决于季节、土壤类型和深度、植物物种和地点。在这项研究中，检查了来自斯洛伐克两个地点的五棵果树（苹果、杏、桃、梨和李）周围土壤中分离的酵母的多样性。我们的结果表明，在两个地点的个别果树物种下栖息的土壤中，酵母种群的物种丰富度和均匀度存在差异。总共发现了 32 种子囊菌酵母和 27 种担子菌酵母。在杏树周围的土壤中发现了最高的物种丰富度。在所有采样中，都存在甘露糖酵母、美丽酵母、葡萄汁酵母、斯科瓦尼酵母和芽殖酵母以及 Apiotrichum 属。在四月的第四次采样中，仅分离出了两个 Holtermanniella 属的物种（H. festucosa 和 H. takashimae）。Cyberlindnera spp.、Clavispora reshetovae、斯科瓦尼酵母和 Trichosporon asahii 仅在两个地点中的一个地点发现。在三次采样中（一次在六月，两次在十月），子囊菌酵母比担子菌酵母更为常见；它们占总酵母种群的 65.6%至 70.8%，而担子菌酵母在四月的采样中占主导地位（61.2%）。
