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以用户为中心的设计用于饮食失调的技术支持服务。

User-centered design for technology-enabled services for eating disorders.

机构信息

Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

出版信息

Int J Eat Disord. 2019 Oct;52(10):1095-1107. doi: 10.1002/eat.23130. Epub 2019 Jul 16.

DOI:10.1002/eat.23130
PMID:31313370
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7265747/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Technology-enabled services frequently have limited reach and suboptimal engagement when implemented in real-world settings. One reason for these implementation failures is that technology-enabled services are not designed for the users and contexts in which they will be implemented. User-centered design is an approach to designing technologies and services that is grounded in information from the stakeholders who will be using or impacted by them, and the contexts for implementation. The purpose of this article is to present user-centered design methods that can be applied to technology-enabled services for eating disorders.

METHOD

We provide an overview of the user-centered design process, which is iterative and involves stakeholders throughout. One model is presented that depicts six phases of a user-centered design process: investigate, ideate, prototype, evaluate, refine and develop, and validate.

RESULTS

We then review how user-centered design approaches can be applied to designing technology-enabled services for patients with eating disorders, and we integrate a hypothetical case example that demonstrates the application of these techniques to designing a technology-enabled service for binge eating. Most of the user-centered design techniques can be implemented relatively quickly, allowing us to rapidly learn what stakeholders want and to identify problems before devoting time and resources to developing and delivering technologies and services.

DISCUSSION

Through this work, we show how designing services that fit into the patterns and routines that stakeholders already are doing can ensure that services are relevant to stakeholders and meet their needs, potentially improving engagement and clinical impact.

RESUMEN

Los servicios habilitados tecnológicamente frecuentemente tienen un alcance limitado y un involucramiento subóptimo cuando son implementados en escenarios del mundo real. Una razón para estas fallas de implementación es que los servicios habilitados tecnológicamente no están diseñados para los usuarios y contextos en los que serán implementados. El diseño centrado en el usuario es un abordaje para diseñar tecnologías y servicios que está basado en información de las partes interesadas que estarán haciendo uso o impactados por ellos, y los contextos para implementación. El propósito de este estudio es presentar métodos de diseños centrados en el usuario que pueden ser aplicados a servicios habilitados tecnológicamente para trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Ofrecemos una visión general del proceso de diseño centrado en el usuario, que es iterative e involucra a las partes interesadas a lo largo de todo el proceso. Hemos presentado un modelo que describe seis fases de un proceso de diseño centrado en el usuario: investigar, idear, crear prototipos, evaluar, refinar y desarrollar, y validar. Luego revisamos cómo estos abordajes de diseño centrado en el usuario pueden ser aplicados para diseñar servicios habilitados tecnológicamente para pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, e integramos un ejemplo de caso hipotético que demuestra la aplicación de estas técnicas para diseñar un servicio habilitado tecnológicamente para comer en atracones. Muchas de las técnicas de diseño centrado en el usuario pueden ser implementadas relativamente rápido, lo que nos permite aprender rápidamente lo que las partes interesadas quieren e identificar los problemas antes de dedicarles tiempo y recursos al desarrollo y entrega de tecnologías y servicios. A través de este trabajo, mostramos cómo el diseño de servicios que se ajustan a los patrones y rutinas que las partes interesadas ya están haciendo puede garantizar que los servicios sean relevantes para los interesados y que satisfagan sus necesidades, lo que podría mejorar la participación y el impacto clínico.

摘要

目的

在真实环境中实施时,技术支持的服务往往覆盖范围有限,参与度也不理想。这些实施失败的原因之一是,技术支持的服务不是为用户和他们所处的环境设计的。以用户为中心的设计是一种设计技术和服务的方法,其基础是将使用或受其影响的利益相关者以及实施的环境的信息。本文的目的是介绍可用于饮食失调的技术支持服务的以用户为中心的设计方法。

方法

我们提供了用户为中心的设计过程概述,该过程是迭代的,涉及到各个利益相关者。提出了一个模型,描述了用户为中心的设计过程的六个阶段:调查、构思、原型、评估、改进和开发以及验证。

结果

然后,我们回顾了如何将以用户为中心的设计方法应用于为饮食失调患者设计技术支持服务,我们整合了一个假设性的案例示例,该示例演示了将这些技术应用于设计用于暴饮暴食的技术支持服务的方法。大多数以用户为中心的设计技术可以相对快速地实施,使我们能够快速了解利益相关者的需求,并在投入时间和资源开发和提供技术和服务之前发现问题。

讨论

通过这项工作,我们展示了如何设计符合利益相关者已经在做的模式和常规的服务,可以确保服务与利益相关者相关,并满足他们的需求,从而有可能提高参与度和临床效果。

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