IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Research and Development Division, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Endocrinology. 2019 Oct 1;160(10):2271-2281. doi: 10.1210/en.2019-00297.
Extensive efforts have been made to explore how the activities of multiple brain cells combine to alter physiology through imaging and cell-specific manipulation in different animal models. However, the temporal regulation of peripheral organs by the neuroendocrine factors released by the brain is poorly understood. We have established a suite of adaptable methodologies to interrogate in vivo the relationship of hypothalamic regulation with the secretory output of the pituitary gland, which has complex functional networks of multiple cell types intermingled with the vasculature. These allow imaging and optogenetic manipulation of cell activities in the pituitary gland in awake mouse models, in which both neuronal regulatory activity and hormonal output are preserved. These methodologies are now readily applicable for longitudinal studies of short-lived events (e.g., calcium signals controlling hormone exocytosis) and slowly evolving processes such as tissue remodeling in health and disease over a period of days to weeks.
已经做出了广泛的努力来探索多个脑细胞的活动如何通过在不同的动物模型中进行成像和细胞特异性操作来改变生理学。然而，大脑释放的神经内分泌因子对周围器官的时间调节还知之甚少。我们已经建立了一套适应性方法学，以在体内研究下丘脑调节与垂体分泌之间的关系，垂体具有多种细胞类型的复杂功能网络，与脉管系统交织在一起。这些方法允许在清醒的小鼠模型中对垂体细胞的活动进行成像和光遗传学操作，在这些模型中，神经元调节活性和激素分泌都得到了保留。这些方法现在可以方便地应用于短期事件的纵向研究（例如，控制激素胞吐作用的钙信号）以及健康和疾病状态下数天到数周内组织重塑等缓慢演变的过程。
