Çatak Jale
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Anim Sci Technol. 2019 May;61(3):138-146. doi: 10.5187/jast.2019.61.3.138. Epub 2019 May 31.
Vitamin B (niacin) is essential for all living cells and plays a central role in energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Vitamin B, a water-soluble vitamin, is present in the form of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, a monocarboxylic acid derivative of pyridine. While nicotinic acid is commonly effective in lowering cholesterol levels, unlike nicotinic acid, nicotinamide is ineffective on lipids. Presence rates of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, which are the available forms of vitamin B, are different for each food. However, the studies in the literature are generally based on the analysis of total amount of vitamin B in foods and the studies determining the profile of vitamin B in foods are limited. The aim of the study was to determine the vitamin B profiles of 10 kinds of animal based food and 10 different plant based food samples. In this study, 10 kinds of animal based food samples consisting of veal (veal steak fillet), chicken (breast), turkey meat (thigh), goat meat (leg, belly), lamb (leg, back, arm), mutton (belly), bovine meat (loin) and 10 different plant based food samples namely; barley, rye, wheat (bread), wheat (durum), oat, rice, dried pea, green lentil, red lentil and chickpea were studied by high performance liquid chromatography using post-column derivatization system. The presence rates of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide were determined in the meat samples as 30% and 70% and as 87% and 13% in the cereal and legume samples, respectively. Nicotinic acid levels were found in low amounts in the meat samples. The amounts of nicotinic acid in the cereal and legume samples were significantly higher than the meat samples. Consequently, the plant based foods such as cereals and legumes, with a ratio of 87% nicotinic acid presence, standout as the best source of nicotinic acid and encouraging regular intake of those cereals and legumes containing rich nicotinic acid would remove nicotinic acid deficiency in human.
维生素B（烟酸）对所有活细胞至关重要，在能量代谢和氧化磷酸化过程中发挥核心作用。维生素B是一种水溶性维生素，以烟酸和烟酰胺的形式存在，烟酰胺是吡啶的单羧酸衍生物。虽然烟酸通常能有效降低胆固醇水平，但与烟酸不同，烟酰胺对脂质无效。作为维生素B可用形式的烟酸和烟酰胺在每种食物中的存在率各不相同。然而，文献中的研究通常基于对食物中维生素B总量的分析，而确定食物中维生素B分布情况的研究有限。本研究的目的是确定10种动物性食物和10种不同植物性食物样本中的维生素B分布情况。在本研究中，采用柱后衍生化系统的高效液相色谱法对10种动物性食物样本进行了研究，这些样本包括小牛肉（小牛排里脊）、鸡肉（胸脯）、火鸡肉（大腿）、山羊肉（腿、腹部）、羊肉（腿、背部、手臂）、绵羊肉（腹部）、牛肉（里脊），以及10种不同的植物性食物样本，即大麦、黑麦、小麦（面包）、硬质小麦、燕麦、大米、干豌豆、绿扁豆、红扁豆和鹰嘴豆。在肉类样本中，烟酸和烟酰胺的存在率分别为30%和70%，在谷物和豆类样本中分别为87%和13%。肉类样本中的烟酸含量较低。谷物和豆类样本中的烟酸含量明显高于肉类样本。因此，以87%的烟酸存在率位居前列的谷物和豆类等植物性食物是烟酸的最佳来源，鼓励经常摄入富含烟酸的那些谷物和豆类将消除人体中的烟酸缺乏症。
