School of Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculo-Skeletal Science, University College London, London, UK.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2019 Nov;116(11):3112-3123. doi: 10.1002/bit.27127. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
Osteochondral tissue engineering aims to regenerate functional tissue-mimicking physiological properties of injured cartilage and its subchondral bone. Given the distinct structural and biochemical difference between bone and cartilage, bilayered scaffolds, and bioreactors are commonly employed. We present an osteochondral culture system which cocultured ATDC5 and MC3T3-E1 cells on an additive manufactured bilayered scaffold in a dual-chamber perfusion bioreactor. Also, finite element models (FEM) based on the microcomputed tomography image of the manufactured scaffold as well as on the computer-aided design (CAD) were constructed; the microenvironment inside the two FEM was studied and compared. In vitro results showed that the coculture system supported osteochondral tissue growth in terms of cell viability, proliferation, distribution, and attachment. In silico results showed that the CAD and the actual manufactured scaffold had significant differences in the flow velocity, differentiation media mixing in the bioreactor and fluid-induced shear stress experienced by the cells. This system was shown to have the desired microenvironment for osteochondral tissue engineering and it can potentially be used as an inexpensive tool for testing newly developed pharmaceutical products for osteochondral defects.
软骨-骨组织工程旨在再生具有损伤软骨及其软骨下骨生理特性的功能组织。鉴于骨和软骨之间存在明显的结构和生化差异，双层支架和生物反应器通常被采用。我们提出了一种软骨-骨培养系统，该系统将 ATDC5 和 MC3T3-E1 细胞共培养在双层添加剂制造支架上，该支架装在双室灌注生物反应器中。此外，还构建了基于制造支架的微计算机断层扫描图像以及计算机辅助设计 (CAD) 的有限元模型 (FEM)；研究并比较了两个 FEM 内的微环境。体外结果表明，共培养系统在细胞活力、增殖、分布和附着方面支持软骨-骨组织的生长。数值模拟结果表明，CAD 和实际制造的支架在生物反应器中的流速、分化培养基混合以及细胞所受流体诱导剪切力方面存在显著差异。该系统显示出具有软骨-骨组织工程所需的微环境，并且可以作为测试用于软骨-骨缺损的新型药物产品的廉价工具。
