Department of Health Science, Hyogo University, 2301 Shinzaike Hiraoka-cho, Kakogawa, Hyogo 675-0195, Japan.
Department of International Health and Collaboration, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6, Minami, Wako, Saitama 351-0197, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 11;16(14):2472. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142472.
Vitamin C is important for preventing and slowing the progression of many diseases. There is significant evidence linking periodontal disease and vitamin C. We aimed to systematically review the studies addressing the relationship between vitamin C and periodontal disease, and the preventive ability of vitamin C against periodontal disease. Electric searches were performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Studies addressing the relationships between periodontal disease and vitamin C in adults aged over 18 years were included. Quality assessment was done using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program guideline and GRADE-CERQual. There were 716 articles that were retrieved and 14 articles (seven cross-sectional studies, two case-control studies, two cohort studies, and three randomized controlled trials (RCT)) were selected after reviewing all of the articles. The vitamin C intake and blood levels were negatively related to periodontal disease in all seven cross-sectional studies. The subjects who suffer from periodontitis presented a lower vitamin C intake and lower blood-vitamin C levels than the subjects without periodontal disease in the two case-control studies. The patients with a lower dietary intake or lower blood level of vitamin C showed a greater progression of periodontal disease than the controls. The intervention using vitamin C administration improved gingival bleeding in gingivitis, but not in periodontitis. Alveolar bone absorption was also not improved. The present systematic review suggested that vitamin C contributes to a reduced risk of periodontal disease.
维生素 C 对于预防和减缓许多疾病的进展非常重要。有大量证据表明牙周病与维生素 C 有关。我们旨在系统地综述研究维生素 C 与牙周病之间的关系，以及维生素 C 预防牙周病的能力。使用 PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science 进行电子检索。纳入了研究成人（年龄超过 18 岁）牙周病与维生素 C 之间关系的研究。使用批判性评估技能项目指南和 GRADE-CERQual 进行质量评估。共检索到 716 篇文章，经过对所有文章的审查，选择了 14 篇文章（7 项横断面研究、2 项病例对照研究、2 项队列研究和 3 项随机对照试验）。在所有 7 项横断面研究中，维生素 C 摄入量和血液水平与牙周病呈负相关。在 2 项病例对照研究中，患有牙周炎的受试者维生素 C 摄入量和血液维生素 C 水平低于无牙周病的受试者。维生素 C 摄入量或血液水平较低的患者牙周病进展程度大于对照组。维生素 C 给药的干预措施改善了牙龈炎的牙龈出血，但对牙周炎没有改善。牙槽骨吸收也没有改善。本系统综述表明，维生素 C 有助于降低牙周病的风险。
