Faculty of Tourism and Recreation, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland.
Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 12;16(14):2483. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142483.
: Physical activity yields exceptionally positive results when it takes place out in the open air, in contact with nature. Both contact with nature and practicing sport constitute a certain kind of philosophy of life and living by its rules plays a vital role in positive mental health-understood as maintaining a high sense of coherence. Martial arts are examples of sports that are rooted in a philosophy. The goal of this study was to explore the links between a sense of coherence and connectedness to nature in the context of motivations for practicing karate. : A total of 127 practitioners of karate were examined using the Inventory of Physical Activity Objectives (IPAO), the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, and the Connectedness to Nature Scale. : The most important objective for women training karate was a fit, shapely body, and for men the most important objective was physical fitness. Connectedness to nature had the strongest positive relationship with the measure of physical fitness (in both genders). A sense of comprehensibility increased men's motivational conflict, whereas, in women, this IPAO dimension was positively related to feeling emotionally connected to the natural world. Connectedness to nature was related to motivational conflict positively in women and negatively in men. Feeling emotionally connected to the natural world correlated with a sense of comprehensibility, a sense of manageability, and a sense of meaningfulness. Sense of comprehensibility and sense of meaningfulness tended to increase with age. : Understanding both the natural environment and the utility of setting sport-related goals led to increasing one's efforts on the way to both successes and defeats, and, most of all, overcoming one's weaknesses.
当身体活动在户外进行，与自然接触时，会产生非常积极的结果。与自然接触和进行体育运动构成了某种生活哲学，按照其规则生活对于积极的心理健康（即保持高度的一致性）起着至关重要的作用。武术就是一种根植于哲学的运动。本研究的目的是探讨在练习空手道的动机背景下，一致性感和与自然的联系之间的联系。
共有 127 名空手道练习者接受了身体活动目标清单（IPAO）、一致性感问卷和与自然的联系量表的检查。
女性练习空手道的最重要目标是拥有健康、匀称的身材，而男性的最重要目标是身体健康。与自然的联系与身体健康的衡量标准（在两性中）呈最强的正相关。可理解性增加了男性的动机冲突，而在女性中，这一 IPAO 维度与对自然世界的情感联系呈正相关。与自然的联系在女性中与动机冲突呈正相关，在男性中呈负相关。与自然的情感联系与可理解性、可管理性和有意义性相关。可理解性和有意义性随着年龄的增长而增加。
理解自然环境和设定与运动相关目标的实用性可以增加人们在通往成功和失败的道路上的努力，最重要的是，克服自己的弱点。
