School of Social and Health Sciences, Leeds Trinity University, Horsforth, Leeds LS18 5HD, UK.
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 12;11(7):1586. doi: 10.3390/nu11071586.
Honey is a natural substance formed primarily of carbohydrates (~80%) which also contains a number of other compounds purported to confer health benefits when consumed. Due to its carbohydrate composition (low glycaemic index, mostly fructose and glucose), honey may theoretically exert positive effects when consumed before, during or after exercise. This review therefore appraised research examining the effects of honey consumption in combination with exercise in humans. Online database (PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus) searches were performed, yielding 273 results. Following duplicate removal and application of exclusion criteria, nine articles were reviewed. Large methodological differences existed in terms of exercise stimulus, population, and the nutritional interventions examined. All nine studies reported biochemical variables, with four examining the effects of honey on exercise performance, whilst five described perceptual responses. Acute supplementation around a single exercise session appeared to elicit similar performance, perceptual, and immunological responses compared with other carbohydrate sources, although some performance benefit has been observed relative to carbohydrate-free comparators. When consumed over a number of weeks, honey may dampen immunological perturbations arising from exercise and possibly improve markers of bone formation. More well-controlled research is required to better understand the role for honey in a food-first approach to exercise nutrition.
蜂蜜是一种主要由碳水化合物（约 80%）组成的天然物质，其中还含有一些其他化合物，据称这些化合物在食用时具有促进健康的益处。由于其碳水化合物组成（低血糖指数，主要是果糖和葡萄糖），蜂蜜在运动前、运动中和运动后食用时可能会产生积极的影响。因此，本综述评估了研究蜂蜜与人类运动相结合的效果。通过在线数据库（PubMed、MEDLINE、SPORTDiscus）进行了搜索，得到了 273 个结果。在去除重复项并应用排除标准后，对 9 篇文章进行了综述。研究中运动刺激、人群和营养干预措施的方法学差异很大。所有 9 项研究均报告了生化变量，其中 4 项研究了蜂蜜对运动表现的影响，5 项研究了蜂蜜对运动表现的影响描述了感知反应。与其他碳水化合物来源相比，单次运动前后的急性补充似乎会引起类似的运动表现、感知和免疫反应，尽管与无碳水化合物的对照相比，观察到了一些运动表现的益处。当连续数周食用时，蜂蜜可能会减轻运动引起的免疫紊乱，并可能改善骨形成标志物。需要更多的对照研究来更好地了解蜂蜜在运动营养中以食物优先的方法中的作用。
