Experimental Institute for Zooprophylaxis in Lombardy and Emilia Romagna, 25100 Brescia, Italy.
Institute of Legal Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Roma, Italy.
Toxins (Basel). 2019 Jul 25;11(8):442. doi: 10.3390/toxins11080442.
Oleander (Nerium oleander) is an ornamental plant common in tropical and sub-tropical regions that is becoming increasingly widespread, even in temperate regions. Oleander poisoning may occur in animals and humans. The main active components contained in the plant are cardiac glycosides belonging to the class of cardenolides that are toxic to many species, from human to insects. This work describes a case of oleander poisoning that occurred on a small cattle farm and resulted in the fatality of all six resident animals. Furthermore, the investigation of the poisonous agent is described, with particular focus on the characterization of the oleandrin toxin that was recovered from the forage and rumen contents. The innovation of this study is the first description of the detection and quantification of the oleandrin toxin by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) in rumen.
夹竹桃（Nerium oleander）是一种常见于热带和亚热带地区的观赏植物，其分布范围越来越广，甚至在温带地区也有分布。夹竹桃中毒可能发生在动物和人类身上。植物中含有的主要活性成分是属于甾族化合物的强心苷，对包括人类在内的许多物种都有毒性。本工作描述了一起发生在一个小型奶牛场的夹竹桃中毒事件，导致所有六只居住动物全部死亡。此外，还描述了对有毒物质的调查，特别关注从饲料和瘤胃内容物中回收的欧夹竹桃苷毒素的特征。本研究的创新之处在于首次通过液相色谱-高分辨率质谱（LC-HRMS）在瘤胃中检测和定量分析了欧夹竹桃苷毒素。
