Gao Peng, Pan Wei, Li Na, Tang Bo
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China . Email:
Chem Sci. 2019 May 24;10(24):6035-6071. doi: 10.1039/c9sc01652j. eCollection 2019 Jun 28.
Bioactive species, including reactive oxygen species (ROS, including O˙, HO, HOCl, O, ˙OH, HOBr, ), reactive nitrogen species (RNS, including ONOO, NO, NO, HNO, ), reactive sulfur species (RSS, including GSH, Hcy, Cys, HS, HS , SO derivatives, ), ATP, HCHO, CO and so on, are a highly important category of molecules in living cells. The dynamic fluctuations of these molecules in subcellular microenvironments determine cellular homeostasis, signal conduction, immunity and metabolism. However, their abnormal expressions can cause disorders which are associated with diverse major diseases. Monitoring bioactive molecules in subcellular structures is therefore critical for bioanalysis and related drug discovery. With the emergence of organelle-targeted fluorescent probes, significant progress has been made in subcellular imaging. Among the developed subcellular localization fluorescent tools, ROS, RNS and RSS (RONSS) probes are highly attractive, owing to their potential for revealing the physiological and pathological functions of these highly reactive, interactive and interconvertible molecules during diverse biological events, which are rather significant for advancing our understanding of different life phenomena and exploring new technologies for life regulation. This review mainly illustrates the design principles, detection mechanisms, current challenges, and potential future directions of organelle-targeted fluorescent probes toward RONSS.
生物活性物质，包括活性氧（ROS，包括O˙、HO、HOCl、O、˙OH、HOBr等）、活性氮（RNS，包括ONOO、NO、NO、HNO等）、活性硫（RSS，包括GSH、Hcy、Cys、HS、HS 、SO衍生物等）、ATP、HCHO、CO等，是活细胞中一类非常重要的分子。这些分子在亚细胞微环境中的动态波动决定了细胞的稳态、信号传导、免疫和代谢。然而，它们的异常表达会导致与多种重大疾病相关的紊乱。因此，监测亚细胞结构中的生物活性分子对于生物分析和相关药物发现至关重要。随着细胞器靶向荧光探针的出现，亚细胞成像取得了显著进展。在已开发的亚细胞定位荧光工具中，ROS、RNS和RSS（RONSS）探针极具吸引力，因为它们有潜力揭示这些高反应性、相互作用和相互转化的分子在各种生物事件中的生理和病理功能，这对于增进我们对不同生命现象的理解以及探索生命调控新技术具有重要意义。本综述主要阐述了针对RONSS的细胞器靶向荧光探针的设计原理、检测机制、当前挑战及潜在的未来发展方向。
