Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), Zaragoza, Spain.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2019 Jul 30;17(1):133. doi: 10.1186/s12955-019-1201-2.
Researchers have studied for decades workplace stress and burnout to identify their relationship to health and wellness. This research has focused on stress levels in people, as well as on environmental and personal factors that contribute to experiencing stress or burnout. In addition to the burnout measurement questionnaires (MBI-GS), Leiter and Maslach designed a model to evaluate the areas of work environment that relate to this construct (Areas of Worklife Scale-AWLS). The goal of the present research was to analyze the psychometric properties of a Spanish translation of the MBI (GS) and the AWLS with a Spanish-speaking population. This work makes a substantial contribution by addressing the need to use validated measures and methods when exploring the positive and negative aspects of organizations. These conditions provide a means to accurately evaluate the impact of interventions aimed to address stress and burnout.
Cross-sectional study with self-report measures. The sample was comprised of 452 managers and employees (hotels, restaurants, catering) of Aragón (Spain). There were approximately equal numbers of women and men (45,4% vs. 54,6%). The average age of participants was 36.6 years (SD = 10.03). A battery of questionnaires was used: Socio-demographic and work characteristics, Scale of stress and health symptoms, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Areas of Worklife Scale (AWLS).
The results showed optimal psychometric properties in both questionnaires, especially in terms of the predictive capacity of the AWLS in each of the MBI-GS dimensions.
The best explained dimension is that of emotional exhaustion. The manageable load variable is the one that most contributes to predicting burnout levels. For future interventions, the results confirm the need to verify the levels of each area of work, in order to focus on the most deteriorated ones.
几十年来，研究人员一直在研究工作场所压力和倦怠，以确定它们与健康和幸福的关系。这项研究的重点是人们的压力水平，以及导致压力或倦怠的环境和个人因素。除了倦怠测量问卷（MBI-GS）之外，Leiter 和 Maslach 还设计了一个模型来评估与这一结构相关的工作环境领域（工作生活领域量表-AWLS）。本研究的目的是分析西班牙语人群对 MBI（GS）和 AWLS 的西班牙语翻译的心理测量特性。这项工作通过解决在探索组织的积极和消极方面时使用经过验证的测量和方法的需求做出了重大贡献。这些条件提供了一种准确评估旨在解决压力和倦怠的干预措施影响的手段。
横断面研究采用自我报告测量。样本由 452 名经理和员工（酒店、餐厅、餐饮）组成，来自西班牙的阿拉贡。女性和男性的数量大致相等（45.4%对 54.6%）。参与者的平均年龄为 36.6 岁（标准差=10.03）。使用了一套问卷：社会人口学和工作特征、压力和健康症状量表、Maslach 倦怠量表-一般调查（MBI-GS）、工作生活领域量表（AWLS）。
结果表明，两个问卷都具有最佳的心理测量特性，特别是 AWLS 在 MBI-GS 每个维度的预测能力方面。
解释得最好的维度是情绪耗竭。可管理的负荷变量是对预测倦怠水平贡献最大的变量。对于未来的干预，结果证实需要验证每个工作领域的水平，以便专注于恶化程度最高的领域。
