D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Nutr Rev. 2020 Mar 1;78(3):189-206. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz053.
Berries are a source of polyphenols with recognized health-promoting activities. Several studies suggest that consumption of berries may improve vascular function.
The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence of short- and long-term benefits of berries on outcomes of vascular function.
Human intervention studies were collected from PubMed and Scopus databases.
Studies were eligible if they investigated the effects of acute or chronic berry consumption on one or more markers of vascular function in humans and provided a characterization of the berry polyphenolic content. Only randomized controlled trials were included, and studies were excluded if berries were combined with other foods.
After selection, 22 randomized controlled trials were included and analyzed, most of which were performed in healthy individuals or patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
The overall results seem to suggest a protective role of berries in vascular function, likely dependent on the time of exposure, the type and dose of berry, and the biomarkers analyzed. Flow-mediated dilation and reactive hyperemia index (markers of vascular reactivity) improved following short-term interventions, while pulse wave velocity and augmentation index (markers of arterial stiffness) improved only after medium- to long-term intervention.
Current evidence suggests that berries, at physiological relevant doses, may have a role in the modulation of vascular function and stiffness. High-quality human intervention trials are encouraged in order to strengthen these findings and to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in such modulation.
浆果是多酚的来源，具有公认的促进健康的作用。有几项研究表明，食用浆果可能有助于改善血管功能。
本系统评价旨在提供浆果对血管功能结果的短期和长期益处的证据。
从 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中收集了人类干预研究。
如果研究调查了急性或慢性浆果摄入对人类血管功能的一个或多个标志物的影响，并提供了浆果多酚含量的特征描述，则研究符合入选条件。仅包括随机对照试验，并且如果浆果与其他食物结合使用，则排除研究。
经过选择，共纳入并分析了 22 项随机对照试验，其中大多数试验是在健康个体或心血管危险因素患者中进行的。
总体结果似乎表明浆果在血管功能中具有保护作用，这可能取决于暴露时间、浆果的类型和剂量以及分析的生物标志物。短期干预后，血流介导的扩张和反应性充血指数（血管反应性标志物）改善，而脉搏波速度和增强指数（动脉僵硬度标志物）仅在中至长期干预后才改善。
目前的证据表明，在生理相关剂量下，浆果可能在调节血管功能和僵硬度方面发挥作用。鼓励进行高质量的人类干预试验，以加强这些发现，并更好地阐明这种调节中涉及的机制。
