Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
PLoS Genet. 2019 Aug 1;15(8):e1008236. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008236. eCollection 2019 Aug.
The placenta is the interface between maternal and fetal circulations, integrating maternal and fetal signals to selectively regulate nutrient, gas, and waste exchange, as well as secrete hormones. In turn, the placenta helps create the in utero environment and control fetal growth and development. The unique epigenetic profile of the human placenta likely reflects its early developmental separation from the fetus proper and its role in mediating maternal-fetal exchange that leaves it open to a range of exogenous exposures in the maternal circulation. In this review, we cover recent advances in DNA methylation in the context of placental function and development, as well as the interaction between the pregnancy and the environment.
胎盘是母体和胎儿循环之间的界面，整合母体和胎儿的信号，选择性地调节营养、气体和废物交换，并分泌激素。反过来，胎盘有助于创造宫内环境，控制胎儿的生长和发育。人类胎盘独特的表观遗传特征可能反映了它在早期发育过程中与胎儿的分离，以及它在介导母体-胎儿交换方面的作用，这使得它容易受到母体循环中各种外源暴露的影响。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了胎盘功能和发育背景下 DNA 甲基化的最新进展，以及妊娠和环境之间的相互作用。
