Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Laboratory of Human Performance, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.
School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.
J Strength Cond Res. 2021 Oct 1;35(10):2870-2877. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003247.
Romero, C, Ramirez-Campillo, R, Alvarez, C, Moran, J, Slimani, M, Gonzalez, J, and Banzer, WE. Effects of maturation on physical fitness adaptations to plyometric jump training in youth females. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2870-2877, 2021-The aim of this study was to compare the effects of maturation on physical fitness adaptations to plyometric jump training (PJT) in youth females. Jumping, sprinting, change of direction speed, endurance, and maximal strength were measured pre-post 6 weeks of PJT in 7th- and 10th-grade subjects. In the seventh grade, subjects formed a PJT group (Plyo-7, n = 10; age, 12.7 ± 0.6 years; breast maturation stages IV [n = 2], III [n = 7], and II [n = 1]) and an active control group (Con-7, n = 9; age, 12.8 ± 0.6 years; breast maturation stages IV [n = 2], III [n = 6], and II [n = 1]). In the 10th grade, subjects conformed a PJT group (Plyo-10, n = 9; age, 16.3 ± 0.5 years; breast maturation stages V [n = 5] and IV [n = 4]) and an active control group (Con-10, n = 9; age, 16.2 ± 0.5 years; breast maturation stages V [n = 5] and IV [n = 4]). Magnitude-based inferences were used for data analysis, with effect sizes (ESs) interpreted as <0.2 = trivial; 0.2-0.6 = small; 0.6-1.2 = moderate; 1.2-2.0 = large; and 2.0-4.0 = very large. The Plyo-7 and Plyo-10 showed meaningful improvements in all physical fitness measures (ES = 0.21-2.22), while Con-7 and Con-10 showed only trivial changes. The Plyo-7 and Plyo-10 showed meaningful (ES = 0.16-2.22) greater improvements in all physical fitness measures when compared with their control counterparts. The Plyo-10 showed meaningful greater improvements in 20-m sprint, 2-km running time trial, maximal strength, squat jump, and drop jump from 20 cm (ES = 0.21-0.42) when compared with Plyo-7. In conclusion, PJT is effective in improving physical fitness in younger and older female youths. However, greater adaptations were observed in more mature subjects.
罗梅罗、C、拉米雷斯-坎皮洛、R、阿尔瓦雷斯、C、莫兰、J、斯利马尼、M、冈萨雷斯、J 和班泽、WE。成熟度对青少年女性进行增强式跳跃训练的身体素质适应性的影响。J 力量与调理研究 35（10）：2870-2877，2021-本研究旨在比较成熟度对青少年女性进行增强式跳跃训练（PJT）的身体素质适应性的影响。在 6 周的 PJT 前后，7 年级和 10 年级的学生测量了跳跃、冲刺、变向速度、耐力和最大力量。在 7 年级，受试者分为 PJT 组（Plyo-7，n=10；年龄 12.7±0.6 岁；乳房成熟度 IV[ n=2]，III[ n=7]和 II[ n=1]）和积极对照组（Con-7，n=9；年龄 12.8±0.6 岁；乳房成熟度 IV[ n=2]，III[ n=6]和 II[ n=1]）。在 10 年级，受试者分为 PJT 组（Plyo-10，n=9；年龄 16.3±0.5 岁；乳房成熟度 V[ n=5]和 IV[ n=4]）和积极对照组（Con-10，n=9；年龄 16.2±0.5 岁；乳房成熟度 V[ n=5]和 IV[ n=4]）。使用基于幅度的推论进行数据分析，效应大小（ES）解释为<0.2=微不足道；0.2-0.6=小；0.6-1.2=中等；1.2-2.0=大；2.0-4.0=非常大。Plyo-7 和 Plyo-10 在所有身体素质指标上都有明显的提高（ES=0.21-2.22），而 Con-7 和 Con-10 只显示出微不足道的变化。与对照组相比，Plyo-7 和 Plyo-10 在所有身体素质指标上都有明显（ES=0.16-2.22）更大的提高。与 Plyo-7 相比，Plyo-10 在 20 米冲刺、2 公里跑步计时赛、最大力量、深蹲跳和 20 厘米跳下跳等方面有意义的更大提高（ES=0.21-0.42）。总之，PJT 对提高年轻和年长女性青少年的身体素质是有效的。然而，在更成熟的受试者中观察到了更大的适应性。
