Dostal Tomas, Plews Daniel J, Hofmann Peter, Laursen Paul B, Cipryan Lukas
Department of Human Movement Studies, Human Motion Diagnostic Centre, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia.
Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Front Physiol. 2019 Jul 17;10:912. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00912. eCollection 2019.
The aim of this non-randomized parallel group study was to examine the 12 week effects of a very low-carbohydrate high-fat diet (VLCHF) on maximal cardiorespiratory capacity, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) performance, and cardiac autonomic regulation.
Twenty-four recreationally trained participants allocated to either a VLCHF ( = 12) or a habitual diet (HD; = 12) group completed 12 weeks of a diet and exercise (VLCHF) or an exercise only intervention (HD). Maximal graded exercise tests (GXT) were performed at baseline, after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. A supervised HIIT session and the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15) were conducted once a week.
Total time to exhaustion (TTE) in both GXT and 30-15 increased in both VLCHF ( = 0.005, BF = 11.30 and = 0.001, BF ≥ 100, respectively) and HD ( = 0.018, BF = 3.87 and = 0.001, BF ≥ 100, respectively) groups after 12 weeks. Absolute maximal oxygen uptake ( O) was not changed in both groups but relative O increased in VLCHF in concert with reductions in body mass (66.7 ± 10.2-63.1 ± 8.5 kg). Cardiac autonomic regulation did not reveal any between-group differences after 12 weeks. VLCHF diet induced an increase in β-hydroxybutyrate, which tended to normalize during the intervention period.
The 12 week VLCHF diet did not impair high-intensity continuous or intermittent exercise lasting up to 25 min, nor did it impair maximal cardiorespiratory performance or autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity.
本非随机平行组研究旨在探讨极低碳水化合物高脂肪饮食（VLCHF）对最大心肺功能、高强度间歇训练（HIIT）表现及心脏自主神经调节的12周影响。
24名接受过休闲训练的参与者被分配至VLCHF组（n = 12）或习惯饮食组（HD；n = 12），完成了为期12周的饮食与运动（VLCHF组）或仅运动干预（HD组）。在基线、4周、8周和12周后进行最大分级运动测试（GXT）。每周进行一次有监督的HIIT训练课程以及30-15间歇体能测试（30-15）。
12周后，VLCHF组（分别为P = 0.005，贝叶斯因子BF = 11.30和P = 0.001，BF≥100）和HD组（分别为P = 0.018，BF = 3.87和P = 0.001，BF≥100）的GXT和30-15测试中的总疲劳时间（TTE）均增加。两组的绝对最大摄氧量（VO₂）未发生变化，但VLCHF组的相对VO₂随着体重减轻（66.7±10.2 - 63.1±8.5 kg）而增加。12周后，心脏自主神经调节未显示出任何组间差异。VLCHF饮食导致β-羟基丁酸增加，在干预期内有趋于正常的趋势。
为期12周的VLCHF饮食不会损害持续长达25分钟的高强度连续或间歇运动，也不会损害最大心肺功能表现或自主神经系统（ANS）活动。
