Laboratory for Computational Motor Control, Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Laboratory for Auditory Neurophysiology Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Neurophysiol. 2019 Oct 1;122(4):1502-1517. doi: 10.1152/jn.00389.2019. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
The common marmoset () is a promising new model for study of neurophysiological basis of behavior in primates. Like other primates, it relies on saccadic eye movements to monitor and explore its environment. Previous reports have demonstrated some success in training marmosets to produce goal-directed actions in the laboratory. However, the number of trials per session has been relatively small, thus limiting the utility of marmosets as a model for behavioral and neurophysiological studies. In this article, we report the results of a series of new behavioral training and neurophysiological protocols aimed at increasing the number of trials per session while recording from the cerebellum. To improve the training efficacy, we designed a precisely calibrated food regulation regime that motivates the subjects to perform saccade tasks, resulting in ~1,000 reward-driven trials on a daily basis. We then developed a multichannel recording system that uses imaging to target a desired region of the cerebellum, allowing for simultaneous isolation of multiple Purkinje cells in the vermis. In this report, we describe ) the design and surgical implantation of a computer tomography (CT)-guided, subject-specific head post, ) the design of a CT- and MRI-guided alignment tool for trajectory guidance of electrodes mounted on an absolute encoder microdrive, ) development of a protocol for behavioral training of subjects, and ) simultaneous recordings from pairs of Purkinje cells during a saccade task. Marmosets present the opportunity to investigate genetically based neurological disease in primates, in particular, diseases that affect social behaviors, vocal communication, and eye movements. All of these behaviors depend on the integrity of the cerebellum. We present training methods that better motivate the subjects, allowing for improved performance, and we also present electrophysiological techniques that precisely target the subject's cerebellum, allowing for simultaneous isolation of multiple Purkinje cells.
普通狨猴（）是一种很有前途的新型模型，可用于研究灵长类动物行为的神经生理学基础。与其他灵长类动物一样，它依赖于眼跳运动来监测和探索其环境。先前的报告已经证明，在实验室中训练狨猴进行有目的的动作已经取得了一些成功。然而，每次试验的次数相对较少，因此限制了狨猴作为行为和神经生理学研究模型的实用性。在本文中，我们报告了一系列新的行为训练和神经生理协议的结果，这些协议旨在增加每次试验的次数，同时记录小脑的活动。为了提高训练效果，我们设计了一个精确校准的食物调节方案，激励实验对象执行眼跳任务，从而每天进行约 1000 次奖励驱动的试验。然后，我们开发了一种多通道记录系统，该系统使用成像技术来靶向小脑的目标区域，从而允许在蚓部同时隔离多个浦肯野细胞。在本报告中，我们描述了：1）计算机断层扫描（CT）引导的、针对特定个体的头座的设计和外科植入；2）CT 和 MRI 引导的、用于将电极安装在绝对编码器微驱动器上的轨迹引导的对准工具的设计；3）实验对象行为训练方案的开发；4）在眼跳任务期间同时记录成对的浦肯野细胞。狨猴为研究灵长类动物中基于遗传的神经疾病提供了机会，特别是那些影响社交行为、声音交流和眼球运动的疾病。所有这些行为都依赖于小脑的完整性。我们提出了更好地激励实验对象的训练方法，以提高表现，并且还提出了精确靶向实验对象小脑的电生理技术，从而能够同时隔离多个浦肯野细胞。
