College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2019 Aug 7;19(1):344. doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-1957-x.
In the study, the trihelix family, also referred to as GT factors, is one of the transcription factor families. Trihelix genes play roles in the light response, seed maturation, leaf development, abiotic and biological stress and other biological activities. However, the trihelix family in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), an important usable medicinal crop, has not yet been thoroughly studied. The genome of tartary buckwheat has recently been reported and provides a theoretical basis for our research on the characteristics and expression of trihelix genes in tartary buckwheat based at the whole level.
In the present study, a total of 31 FtTH genes were identified based on the buckwheat genome. They were named from FtTH1 to FtTH31 and grouped into 5 groups (GT-1, GT-2, SH4, GTγ and SIP1). FtTH genes are not evenly distributed on the chromosomes, and we found segmental duplication events of FtTH genes on tartary buckwheat chromosomes. According to the results of gene and motif composition, FtTH located in the same group contained analogous intron/exon organizations and motif organizations. qRT-PCR showed that FtTH family members have multiple expression patterns in stems, roots, leaves, fruits, and flowers and during fruit development.
Through our study, we identified 31 FtTH genes in tartary buckwheat and synthetically further analyzed the evolution and expression pattern of FtTH proteins. The structure and motif organizations of most genes are conserved in each subfamily, suggesting that they may be functionally conserved. The FtTH characteristics of the gene expression patterns indicate functional diversity in the time and space in the tartary buckwheat life process. Based on the discussion and analysis of FtTH gene function, we screened some genes closely related to the growth and development of tartary buckwheat. This will help us to further study the function of FtTH genes through experimental exploration in tartary buckwheat growth and improve the fruit of tartary buckwheat.
在研究中，三螺旋家族也称为 GT 因子，是转录因子家族之一。三螺旋基因在光反应、种子成熟、叶片发育、非生物和生物胁迫等生物活动中发挥作用。然而，在重要的药用作物鞑靼荞麦（Fagopyrum tataricum）中，三螺旋家族尚未得到深入研究。鞑靼荞麦的基因组最近已经报道，为我们在全水平上研究鞑靼荞麦三螺旋基因的特征和表达提供了理论基础。
在本研究中，基于荞麦基因组共鉴定出 31 个 FtTH 基因。它们被命名为 FtTH1 到 FtTH31，并分为 5 组（GT-1、GT-2、SH4、GTγ和 SIP1）。FtTH 基因在染色体上不均匀分布，我们在鞑靼荞麦染色体上发现了 FtTH 基因的片段复制事件。根据基因和基序组成的结果，位于同一组的 FtTH 含有类似的内含子/外显子组织和基序组织。qRT-PCR 显示，FtTH 家族成员在茎、根、叶、果实和花以及果实发育过程中具有多种表达模式。
通过我们的研究，我们在鞑靼荞麦中鉴定出 31 个 FtTH 基因，并综合分析了 FtTH 蛋白的进化和表达模式。大多数基因的结构和基序组织在每个亚家族中都是保守的，这表明它们可能在功能上是保守的。基因表达模式的 FtTH 特征表明，在鞑靼荞麦的生命过程中，在时间和空间上具有功能多样性。基于对 FtTH 基因功能的讨论和分析，我们筛选出一些与鞑靼荞麦生长发育密切相关的基因。这将有助于我们通过鞑靼荞麦生长的实验探索进一步研究 FtTH 基因的功能，并提高鞑靼荞麦的果实产量。
