Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019 Aug 7;10(1):242. doi: 10.1186/s13287-019-1358-y.
Exosomes are extracellular membranous nanovesicles that mediate local and systemic intercellular communication by transporting proteins or nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) into target cells, thus altering the behaviors of recipient cells. Recent studies have revealed that these vesicles play a critical role in many biological functions, such as cell proliferation, immune regulation, nerve regeneration, and cancer. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are now considered a multipotent and abundant tool in the field of cell therapy and regenerative medicine. ADSCs can produce and secrete many exosomes, which inherit multiple functions of cells. Therefore, in this review, we will introduce the characteristics of exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-Exos), describe their functions in different biological processes, summarize the latest research achievements, describe their limitations in cell-free therapy, and provide further insights into their clinical application potential for the treatment of certain diseases.
外泌体是一种细胞外的膜性纳米囊泡，通过将蛋白质或核酸（DNA 和 RNA）转运到靶细胞中，从而改变靶细胞的行为，来介导细胞间的局部和全身通讯。最近的研究表明，这些囊泡在许多生物学功能中起着关键作用，如细胞增殖、免疫调节、神经再生和癌症。脂肪来源的干细胞（ADSCs）现在被认为是细胞治疗和再生医学领域的多能和丰富的工具。ADSCs 可以产生和分泌许多外泌体，这些外泌体继承了细胞的多种功能。因此，在这篇综述中，我们将介绍来源于 ADSC 的外泌体（ADSC-Exos）的特征，描述它们在不同生物学过程中的功能，总结最新的研究成果，描述它们在无细胞治疗中的局限性，并对其在治疗某些疾病中的临床应用潜力提供进一步的见解。
