Yan Shaomin, Wu Guang
State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Jul 23;10:1582. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01582. eCollection 2019.
is a Gram-negative bacterium causing diseases in plants, animals, and humans, and its drug resistance is a major concern in medical care. Biofilms play an important role in drug resistance. Three factors are most important to induce biofilm: quorum sensing (QS), bis-(3'-5')-cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), and small RNAs (sRNAs). has its own specific QS system (PQS) besides two common QS systems, LasI-LasR and RhlI-RhlR, in bacteria. PQS is interesting not only because there is a negative regulation from RhlR to but also because the null mutation in PQS leads to a reduced biofilm formation. Furthermore, dispersed cells have physiological features that are distinct between the planktonic cells and biofilm cells. In response to a low concentration of c-di-GMP, cells can disperse from the biofilms to become planktonic cells. These raise an interesting hypothesis of whether biofilm can be reversed through the QS mechanism in . Although a single factor is certainly not sufficient to prevent the biofilm formation, it necessarily explores such possibility. In this hypothesis, the literature is analyzed to determine the negative regulation pathways, and then the transcriptomic data are analyzed to determine whether this hypothesis is workable or not. Unexpectedly, the transcriptomic data reveal a negative regulation between and . Also, the individual cases from transcriptomic data demonstrate the negative regulations of PQS with , , and under different experiments. Based on our analyses, possible strategies to reverse biofilm formation are proposed and their clinic implications are addressed.
是一种革兰氏阴性细菌，可在植物、动物和人类中引发疾病，其耐药性是医疗护理中的一个主要问题。生物膜在耐药性方面起着重要作用。诱导生物膜形成的三个最重要因素是群体感应（QS）、双（3'-5'）-环二鸟苷单磷酸（c-di-GMP）和小RNA（sRNAs）。除了细菌中常见的两种群体感应系统LasI-LasR和RhlI-RhlR外，还有其自身特定的群体感应系统（PQS）。PQS之所以有趣，不仅是因为存在RhlR对其的负调控，还因为PQS中的无效突变会导致生物膜形成减少。此外，分散细胞具有与浮游细胞和生物膜细胞不同的生理特征。响应低浓度的c-di-GMP，细胞可以从生物膜中分散出来成为浮游细胞。这些引发了一个有趣的假设，即生物膜是否可以通过的群体感应机制逆转。虽然单一因素肯定不足以防止生物膜形成，但有必要探索这种可能性。在这个假设中，分析文献以确定负调控途径，然后分析转录组数据以确定这个假设是否可行。出乎意料的是，转录组数据揭示了和之间的负调控。此外，转录组数据中的个别案例表明了在不同实验下PQS对、和的负调控。基于我们的分析，提出了逆转生物膜形成的可能策略，并探讨了它们的临床意义。
