Wang Xue, Yu Huiting, Nie Chan, Zhou Yanna, Wang Haiyan, Shi Xiuquan
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
Center for Injury Research and Policy & Center for Pediatric Trauma Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
PeerJ. 2019 Aug 6;7:e7423. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7423. eCollection 2019.
Road traffic accidents are one of the serious disasters that cause public injury, fatality and great economic loss. They are a growing public health problem around the world.
The aim of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics, tendency and possible influencing factors of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in China, so as to give target suggestions on preventative measures.
Road traffic accident data were obtained from National Bureau of Statistics of China and Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China. Descriptive statistic such as RTIs frequency, trends of different accident types from 2007 to 2016; the RTIs difference between different regions and road surfaces were compared; and the possible influencing factors of RTIs were also explored.
Over the past decade, with the mileage of constructed highway increased, the frequency of road traffic accidents have declined substantially in China, and the death toll from road traffic accidents with motor vehicles has declined from 2007 to 2015, Conversely, the number of deaths from non-motor vehicle accidents has risen rapidly since 2012. Our study showed that the traffic accident related mortality in Guizhou province was different from the level of the whole nation, and the Eastern, Central and Western areas of China were all significantly different ( < 0.001). Linear regression suggested a significant affected of gross domestic product (GDP)-per-capita, education level, the number of health institutions, populations, and car ownership status on traffic accident death tolls ( < 0.001). Moreover, cement concrete pavement roads were associated with the highest occurrence rates of RTI, and RTIs was statistically significant ( < 0.001) on different road surfaces.
Even though the frequency of road traffic accidents has declined, RTIs remain an urgent public health problem in China. Thus, the government should give some target preventative measures to reduce RTIs, aiming at different regions, the increasing trend of the death toll related to non-motor vehicles and the highest occurrence on cement concrete pavement roads.
道路交通事故是导致公众受伤、死亡以及巨大经济损失的严重灾难之一。它们是全球范围内日益严重的公共卫生问题。
本研究旨在确定中国道路交通事故（RTIs）的流行病学特征、趋势及可能的影响因素，以便针对预防措施提出有针对性的建议。
道路交通事故数据来源于中国国家统计局和中华人民共和国交通运输部。进行描述性统计，如2007年至2016年RTIs的发生频率、不同事故类型的趋势；比较不同地区和路面的RTIs差异；并探讨RTIs可能的影响因素。
在过去十年中，随着建成公路里程的增加，中国道路交通事故的发生频率大幅下降，机动车道路交通事故的死亡人数在2007年至2015年期间有所下降。相反，自2012年以来，非机动车事故的死亡人数迅速上升。我们的研究表明，贵州省的交通事故相关死亡率与全国水平不同，中国东部、中部和西部地区也存在显著差异（P<0.001）。线性回归表明，人均国内生产总值（GDP）、教育水平、卫生机构数量、人口和汽车保有量状况对交通事故死亡人数有显著影响（P<0.001）。此外，水泥混凝土路面道路的RTIs发生率最高，不同路面的RTIs具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。
尽管道路交通事故的发生频率有所下降，但RTIs在中国仍然是一个紧迫的公共卫生问题。因此，政府应针对不同地区、非机动车相关死亡人数的上升趋势以及水泥混凝土路面道路上的最高发生率，采取一些有针对性的预防措施以减少RTIs。
