Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou Province, China.
Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou Province, China.
Chin J Traumatol. 2021 Feb;24(1):34-38. doi: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2020.11.002. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
The increasing number of deaths due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) has attracted global attention. However, the influence of road types is rarely considered in the study of RTAs. This study evaluates the influence of different road types in RTAs in northern Guizhou to provide a basis for the formulation of evidence-based policies and measures.
We obtained the data from the Zunyi Traffic Management Data Platform for the years 2009-2018. The mortality rates of RTAs were calculated. Descriptive methods and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the characteristics of road traffic collisions on different road types. We also examined the associations between the mortality rate per 10,000 vehicles and the growth of per capital gross domestic product (GDP) with Spearman's rank correlation analysis. According to the passing volume and the infrastructure, we defined different types of roads, like administrative road, functional road, general urban road and urban expressway.
In 2012, the traffic mortality rate of administrative roads was 8.9 per 100,000 people, and the mortality rate of functional roads was 7.4 per 100,000 people, which decreased in 2018 to 6.1 deaths per 100,000 people and 5.2 deaths per 100,000 people, respectively. The mortality rate per 10,000 vehicles reached the highest level in 2011 (28.8 per 10,000 vehicles and 22.5 per 10,000 vehicles on administrative and functional roads, respectively). The death rate of county roads was the highest among administrative roads (χ = 17.389, p < 0.05) and that of fourth-class roads was the highest among functional roads (χ = 21.785, p < 0.05). The mortality rate per 10,000 vehicles was negatively correlated with per capital GDP.
Although our research shows that RTAs in northern Guizhou have steadily declined in recent years, the range of decline is relatively small. Many measures and sustainable efforts are needed to control road traffic death and accelerate the progress in road traffic safety in northern Guizhou.
由于道路交通事故（RTA）导致的死亡人数不断增加，引起了全球关注。然而，在 RTA 研究中很少考虑道路类型的影响。本研究评估了在贵州北部不同道路类型的 RTA 的影响，为制定基于证据的政策和措施提供了依据。
我们从遵义交通管理数据平台获取了 2009-2018 年的数据。计算了 RTA 的死亡率。采用描述性方法和卡方检验分析了不同道路类型的道路交通碰撞特征。我们还使用 Spearman 秩相关分析检查了死亡率与人均国内生产总值（GDP）增长之间的关系。根据通过量和基础设施，我们定义了不同类型的道路，如行政道路、功能道路、一般城市道路和城市高速公路。
2012 年，行政道路的交通死亡率为每 10 万人 8.9 人，功能道路的死亡率为每 10 万人 7.4 人，2018 年分别降至每 10 万人 6.1 人和每 10 万人 5.2 人。每 10000 辆车的死亡率在 2011 年达到最高水平（行政和功能道路分别为每 10000 辆车 28.8 人和 22.5 人）。行政道路中县道死亡率最高（χ²=17.389，p<0.05），功能道路中四级公路死亡率最高（χ²=21.785，p<0.05）。每 10000 辆车的死亡率与人均 GDP 呈负相关。
尽管我们的研究表明，近年来贵州北部的 RTA 稳步下降，但下降幅度相对较小。需要采取许多措施和持续努力来控制道路交通死亡，加快贵州北部道路交通安全的进展。
