Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University. 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
National Fisheries University, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency. 2-7-1, Nagatahonmachi, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 759-6595, Japan.
Toxins (Basel). 2019 Aug 10;11(8):470. doi: 10.3390/toxins11080470.
To clarify the differences in toxin selectivity between marine and freshwater pufferfish, we conducted experiments in artificially reared nontoxic specimens of (marine) and (freshwater) using tetrodotoxin (TTX) and paralytic shellfish poison (PSP; decarbamoylsaxitoxin (dcSTX) or saxitoxin (STX)). specimens were administered feed homogenate containing TTX or dcSTX (dose of toxin, 55.2 nmol/fish) and specimens were administered feed homogenate containing TTX + STX (dose of each toxin, 19.2 nmol/fish) by oral gavage. The toxin content in the intestine, muscle, skin, liver, and gonads was quantified after 24 and 48 or 72 h. In , TTX administered into the intestine was absorbed into the body and transferred and retained mainly in the skin and liver, while dcSTX was hardly retained in the body, although it partly remained in the intestine. In strong contrast, in , little TTX remained in the body, whereas STX was absorbed into the body and was transferred and retained in the ovary and skin. The findings revealed that TTX/PSP selectivity differs between the marine species and the freshwater species . , which naturally harbors TTX, selectively accumulates TTX, and , which naturally harbors PSP, selectively accumulates PSP.
为了阐明海洋和淡水河豚毒素选择性的差异，我们使用河豚毒素（TTX）和麻痹性贝类毒素（PSP；去氨甲酰基石房蛤毒素（dcSTX）或石房蛤毒素（STX））对人工养殖的无毒 （海洋）和 （淡水）标本进行了实验。 标本通过口服灌胃给予含有 TTX 或 dcSTX 的饲料匀浆（毒素剂量为 55.2 nmol/鱼）， 标本给予含有 TTX + STX 的饲料匀浆（每种毒素的剂量为 19.2 nmol/鱼）。24、48 或 72 小时后，定量检测肠道、肌肉、皮肤、肝脏和性腺中的毒素含量。在 中，进入肠道的 TTX 被吸收到体内，并主要转移和保留在皮肤和肝脏中，而 dcSTX 几乎不被保留在体内，尽管它部分保留在肠道中。相比之下，在 中，体内几乎没有 TTX 残留，而 STX 被吸收到体内，并转移和保留在卵巢和皮肤中。研究结果表明，海洋物种 和淡水物种 之间 TTX/PSP 的选择性存在差异。 天然含有 TTX，选择性地积累 TTX，而 天然含有 PSP，选择性地积累 PSP。
