Tjahjani Susy, Biantoro Yonathan, Tjokropranoto Rita
Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, Indonesia.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Jun 30;7(12):1935-1939. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.480.
Drug resistance to malaria is still a problem in various regions, and there have even been developments in resistance to the ACTs (artemisinin-based combination therapies) as standard antimalarial drugs included to artemisinin's partner drugs. Ethyl acetate fraction of L rind, containing xanthones as an antioxidant, has antimalarial activity in vitro which has a synergistic effect with artemisinin. That's why the activities of this fraction are needed to be studied in vivo.
To explore the antimalarial and antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate fraction of L rind in mice.
This was a complete randomised design true experimental study. Six groups of mice: a healthy mice group and 5 groups of inoculated mice treated with various doses of the sample for 3 days compared to artemisinin. Parasitemia and total antioxidant status were examined and analysed using ANOVA, and probit analysis were done.
The parasitemia level in all of the treatment groups were lower than the positive control group without treatment (p < 0.01) and the parasitemia level was the lowest in artemisinin group which was not significantly different from the 100 mg/kg body weight dose group (p > 0.05). The parasitemia level in 20 and 4 mg/kg body weight dose groups were higher than the artemisinin group (p < 0.01). Parasite growth inhibition rate from the highest to the lowest consecutively was: artemisinin, 100 mg/kg body weight, 20 mg/kg body weight, 4 mg/kg body weight, and positive control group (p < 0.05) and ED50 was 3.396 mg/kg body weight. Total antioxidant status was the highest in 20 mg/ kg body weight dose and higher than the negative control group (p < 0.05) while the lowest total antioxidant status was in the positive control group.
Ethyl acetate fraction of L rind potentially showed antimalarial and antioxidant activity in vivo. Further study is needed to explore the detail of its mechanism of action and its quantitative phytochemical analysis to find the leading compound in it.
疟疾耐药性在各个地区仍然是一个问题，甚至对作为标准抗疟药物的青蒿素联合疗法（ACTs）也出现了耐药性发展，青蒿素联合疗法中的青蒿素伴侣药物也受到影响。含有氧杂蒽酮作为抗氧化剂的L果皮乙酸乙酯馏分在体外具有抗疟活性，且与青蒿素具有协同作用。因此，需要在体内研究该馏分的活性。
探讨L果皮乙酸乙酯馏分对小鼠的抗疟和抗氧化活性。
这是一项完全随机设计的真实验研究。将小鼠分为六组：一组健康小鼠组和五组接种小鼠，与青蒿素相比，用不同剂量的样品处理3天。使用方差分析检查和分析寄生虫血症和总抗氧化状态，并进行概率分析。
所有治疗组的寄生虫血症水平均低于未治疗的阳性对照组（p < 0.01），青蒿素组的寄生虫血症水平最低，与100 mg/kg体重剂量组无显著差异（p > 0.05）。20和4 mg/kg体重剂量组的寄生虫血症水平高于青蒿素组（p < 0.01）。寄生虫生长抑制率从高到低依次为：青蒿素、100 mg/kg体重、20 mg/kg体重、4 mg/kg体重和阳性对照组（p < 0.05），半数有效剂量（ED50）为3.396 mg/kg体重。总抗氧化状态在20 mg/kg体重剂量组中最高，高于阴性对照组（p < 0.05），而总抗氧化状态最低的是阳性对照组。
L果皮乙酸乙酯馏分在体内可能具有抗疟和抗氧化活性。需要进一步研究以探索其作用机制的细节及其定量植物化学分析，以找到其中的主要化合物。
