Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, P.O. Box: 76, Bale Goba, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2020 Oct 3;25(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12199-020-00897-y.
Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is a major risk factor for the transmission of blood-borne infections to healthcare workers. There are several primary studies in Ethiopia yet they might not be at the national level to quantify the extent of occupational blood and body fluid exposures (splash of blood or other body fluids into the eyes, nose, or mouth) or blood contact with non-intact skin among the healthcare workers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of occupational blood and body fluid exposure of healthcare workers in Ethiopia.
PubMed, Science Direct, Hinari, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched; withal, the references of appended articles were also checked for further possible sources. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the lifetime and 12-month prevalence of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia.
Of the 641 articles identified through the database search, 36 studies were included in the final analysis. The estimated pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence on occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers were found to be at 54.95% (95% confidence interval (CI), 48.25-61.65) and 44.24% (95% CI, 36.98-51.51), respectively. The study identified a variation in healthcare workers who were exposed to blood and body fluids across Ethiopian regions.
The finding of the present study revealed that there was a high level of annual and lifetime exposures to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia.
职业性接触血液和体液是导致医护人员感染血源性传染病的主要危险因素。埃塞俄比亚有几项主要研究，但可能没有在全国范围内量化医护人员职业性血液和体液暴露（血液或其他体液溅入眼睛、鼻子或口腔）或血液接触非完整皮肤的程度。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在估计埃塞俄比亚医护人员职业性血液和体液暴露的综合患病率。
系统检索了 PubMed、Science Direct、Hinari、Google Scholar 和 Cochrane 图书馆，并查阅了附加文章的参考文献，以寻找可能的其他来源。使用 Cochrane Q 检验统计量和 I 检验来评估纳入研究的异质性。使用随机效应荟萃分析模型来估计埃塞俄比亚医护人员职业性接触血液和体液的终生和 12 个月患病率。
通过数据库搜索确定了 641 篇文章，其中 36 项研究纳入了最终分析。估计的埃塞俄比亚医护人员职业性接触血液和体液的终生和 12 个月患病率分别为 54.95%（95%置信区间，48.25-61.65）和 44.24%（95%置信区间，36.98-51.51）。研究发现，埃塞俄比亚不同地区的医护人员接触血液和体液的情况存在差异。
本研究结果表明，埃塞俄比亚医护人员每年和终生接触血液和体液的水平较高。
