George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island.
Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island.
J Neurophysiol. 2019 Sep 1;122(3):1238-1253. doi: 10.1152/jn.00233.2019. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in children. Much of the previous research on CP has focused on reducing the severity of brain injuries, whereas very few researchers have investigated the cause and amelioration of motor symptoms. This research focus has had an impact on the choice of animal models. Many of the commonly used animal models do not display a prominent CP-like motor phenotype. In general, rodent models show anatomically severe injuries in the central nervous system (CNS) in response to insults associated with CP, including hypoxia, ischemia, and neuroinflammation. Unfortunately, most rodent models do not display a prominent motor phenotype that includes the hallmarks of spasticity (muscle stiffness and hyperreflexia) and weakness. To study motor dysfunction related to developmental injuries, a larger animal model is needed, such as rabbit, pig, or nonhuman primate. In this work, we describe and compare various animal models of CP and their potential for translation to the human condition.
脑性瘫痪（CP）是儿童中最常见的运动障碍。以前的许多 CP 研究都集中在减轻脑损伤的严重程度上，而很少有研究人员研究运动症状的原因和改善。这种研究重点对动物模型的选择产生了影响。许多常用的动物模型没有表现出明显的 CP 样运动表型。一般来说，啮齿动物模型在中枢神经系统（CNS）中表现出严重的解剖损伤，以应对与 CP 相关的缺氧、缺血和神经炎症等损伤。不幸的是，大多数啮齿动物模型没有表现出明显的运动表型，包括痉挛（肌肉僵硬和反射亢进）和无力的特征。为了研究与发育损伤相关的运动功能障碍，需要更大的动物模型，如兔、猪或非人灵长类动物。在这项工作中，我们描述和比较了各种 CP 动物模型及其向人类疾病转化的潜力。
