Ogueri Kenneth S, Jafari Tahereh, Escobar Ivirico Jorge L, Laurencin Cato T
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
Regen Eng Transl Med. 2019 Jun;5(2):128-154. doi: 10.1007/s40883-018-0072-0. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
Reconstruction of large bone defects resulting from trauma, neoplasm, or infection is a challenging problem in reconstructive surgery. The need for bone grafting has been increasing steadily partly because of our enhanced capability to salvage limbs after major bone loss. Engineered bone graft substitutes can have advantages such as lack of antigenicity, high availability, and varying properties depending on the applications chosen for use. These favorable attributes have contributed to the rise of scaffold-based polymeric tissue regeneration. Critical components in the scaffold-based polymeric regenerative engineering approach often include 1. The existence of biodegradable polymeric porous structures with properties selected to promote tissue regeneration and while providing appropriate mechanical support during tissue regeneration. 2. Cellular populations that can influence and enhance regeneration. 3. The use of growth and morphogenetic factors which can influence cellular migration, differentiation and tissue regeneration in vivo. Biodegradable polymers constitute an attractive class of biomaterials for the development of scaffolds due to their flexibility in chemistry and their ability to produce biocompatible degradation products. This paper presents an overview of polymeric scaffold-based bone tissue regeneration and reviews approaches as well as the particular roles of biodegradable polymers currently in use.
创伤、肿瘤或感染导致的大骨缺损修复是重建外科中一个具有挑战性的问题。骨移植的需求一直在稳步增加，部分原因是我们在严重骨丢失后挽救肢体的能力有所提高。工程化骨移植替代物具有诸多优点，如无抗原性、易于获取，且可根据所选应用具有不同特性。这些有利特性推动了基于支架的聚合物组织再生的兴起。基于支架的聚合物再生工程方法的关键组成部分通常包括：1. 存在具有特定性能的可生物降解聚合物多孔结构，这些性能旨在促进组织再生，并在组织再生过程中提供适当的机械支撑。2. 能够影响和促进再生的细胞群体。3. 使用可在体内影响细胞迁移、分化和组织再生的生长和形态发生因子。可生物降解聚合物因其化学性质的灵活性以及产生生物相容性降解产物的能力，成为开发支架的一类有吸引力的生物材料。本文概述了基于聚合物支架的骨组织再生，并综述了相关方法以及目前使用的可生物降解聚合物的特殊作用。
